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Atomic Force Microscopy

Atomic Force Microscopy

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy that can analyze topographic details of various specimens like ceramics, glass, polymers, and biological samples. AFM offers over 1000 times more resolution than the optical imaging system. Images generated from AFM are three-dimensional surface profiles, offering an advantage over the flat, two-dimensional images from other imaging techniques.
The AFM Probe
The probe is regarded as the heart of any AFM setup and comprises the...

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Dissecting Mechanoenzymatic Properties of Processive Myosins with Ultrafast Force-Clamp Spectroscopy

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Published on: July 1, 2021

Atomic force microscope based biomolecular force-clamp measurements using a micromachined electrostatic actuator.

Hamdi Torun¹, Ofer Finkler, F Levent Degertekin

¹Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bogazici University, Bebek, TR-34342 Istanbul, Turkey. hamdi.torun@boun.edu.tr

Ultramicroscopy

|September 11, 2012

Summary

This study introduces a novel biomolecular force clamp method using electrostatic actuators and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The technique accurately measures molecular bond lifetimes, demonstrating its potential for biological applications.

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Last Updated: May 18, 2026

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Published on: July 1, 2021

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Area of Science:

Biophysics
Nanotechnology
Materials Science

Background:

Biomolecular force measurements are crucial for understanding molecular interactions.
Existing methods may have limitations in precision and speed.
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) offers high-resolution force sensing capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a novel biomolecular force clamp method.
To utilize micromachined electrostatic actuators for precise force control.
To demonstrate the method's feasibility in biological experiments.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of Parylene membrane-based electrostatic actuators on silicon substrates.
Integration of actuators with AFM cantilevers for force clamp measurements.
Measurement of bond lifetimes between human IgG and anti-human IgG molecules.

Main Results:

The electrostatic actuators provide a displacement range of 1.8 μm with 0.8 nm uncertainty.
Fast settling times down to 20 μs were achieved.
The method successfully measured bond lifetimes, showing good agreement with molecular pulling experiments.

Conclusions:

The developed biomolecular force clamp method is feasible for biological experiments.
Micromachined electrostatic actuators offer precise and rapid force control.
This technique advances the study of molecular interactions and binding dynamics.