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Microstructural white matter abnormalities and cognitive functioning in type 2 diabetes: a diffusion tensor imaging

Yael D Reijmer1, Manon Brundel, Jeroen de Bresser

  • 1Department of Neurology, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. y.d.reijmer@umcutrecht.nl

Diabetes Care
|September 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary
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Type 2 diabetes is linked to white matter abnormalities in the brain, which are associated with slower information processing and memory decline in older adults.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Endocrinology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes is a growing global health concern.
  • Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment.
  • Cerebral microstructural changes may underlie cognitive deficits in diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate microstructural abnormalities in cerebral white matter tracts in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
  • To determine the relationship between these white matter abnormalities and cognitive function.

Main Methods:

  • 3 Tesla diffusion-weighted MRI and tractography were used to assess white matter integrity.
  • Diffusion tensor imaging measures (FA, MD) were compared between 35 individuals with type 2 diabetes and 35 controls.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Cognitive performance was assessed using a detailed neuropsychological battery.

    • Main Results:

    • Individuals with type 2 diabetes exhibited significantly increased mean diffusivity (MD) in multiple white matter tracts compared to controls.
    • Increased MD was correlated with slower information-processing speed and poorer memory performance in the diabetes group.
    • These associations remained significant after adjusting for white matter hyperintensities and cerebral infarcts.

    Conclusions:

    • Type 2 diabetes is associated with widespread microstructural white matter abnormalities.
    • These abnormalities are linked to impaired cognitive functioning, specifically in information processing and memory.