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Related Experiment Videos

Update on acute ankle sprains.

Jeffrey D Tiemstra1

  • 1Department of Family Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607, USA. jtiemstr@uic.edu

American Family Physician
|September 12, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Ankle sprains, common in young adults, require prompt diagnosis using the Ottawa ankle rules. Early mobilization, cryotherapy, and proper bracing accelerate recovery and prevent future injuries.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Orthopedics
  • Primary Care

Background:

  • Ankle sprains are prevalent injuries, particularly in teenagers and young adults.
  • Inversion injuries to lateral ankle ligaments are most common, but tibiofibular syndesmosis injuries are increasingly recognized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline diagnostic criteria for ankle sprains using the Ottawa ankle rules.
  • To recommend evidence-based treatment and prevention strategies for ankle sprains.

Main Methods:

  • Application of the Ottawa ankle rules to determine the need for radiography based on pain location, bone tenderness, and weight-bearing ability.
  • Review of current literature on cryotherapy, bracing, early mobilization, pain management, and prevention strategies for ankle sprains.

Main Results:

  • Radiography is indicated if malleolar or midfoot pain is present with bone tenderness or inability to bear weight (four steps).
  • Cryotherapy for 3-7 days, lace-up ankle support or air stirrup brace, and early mobilization improve recovery.
  • NSAIDs, acetaminophen, or mild opioids can manage pain.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis using the Ottawa ankle rules is crucial for appropriate management.
  • A comprehensive approach including cryotherapy, bracing, early mobilization, pain control, and prevention strategies optimizes recovery and reduces re-injury risk.

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