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Cardiac abnormalities in HIV-positive patients: results from an observational study in India

Nirdesh Jain1, Dandu H Reddy, Shailendra Prasad Verma

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University, Lucknow, India.

Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care
|September 13, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Diastolic dysfunction is the most frequent cardiac abnormality in HIV-infected patients. This study identified its prevalence, highlighting the need for cardiac monitoring in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Cardiac abnormalities in HIV patients often present atypically, leading to misdiagnosis or delayed detection.
  • Concurrent illnesses in HIV-infected individuals can mask underlying cardiac conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of cardiac abnormalities in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients.
  • To investigate the prevalence of specific cardiac dysfunctions in this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • A 3-month study involving 100 consecutive HIV-infected patients over 13 years old.
  • Clinical assessment, chest X-ray, electrocardiogram, 2D echocardiography, and serum Troponin T levels were performed.

Main Results:

  • 67% of patients exhibited abnormal 2D echocardiography findings.
  • Diastolic dysfunction was the most common abnormality (42.8%), followed by dilated cardiomyopathy (17.6%).
  • Elevated serum Troponin T was noted in 8% of patients; opportunistic infections, ART, HIV stage, and CD4 counts did not influence diastolic dysfunction frequency.

Conclusions:

  • Diastolic dysfunction is the predominant cardiac abnormality in HIV-infected individuals.
  • Findings underscore the importance of cardiac screening in HIV management.
Abstract

Keywords:
2-dimensional echocardiographyDoppler studiesHIV/AIDSTroponin Tdiastolic dysfunctiondilated cardiomyopathy

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