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Glaucoma: Overview

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Rotating the Intraocular Lens to Prevent Posterior Capsular Opacification in Cataract Surgeries

Rotating the Intraocular Lens to Prevent Posterior Capsular Opacification in Cataract Surgeries

Published on: July 7, 2023

[Infections after intraocular lens surgery: implications for refractive surgery].

S Taneri¹, A Heiligenhaus

¹Zentrum für Refraktive Chirurgie, Augenabteilung am St. Franziskus Hospital, Münster. taneri@refraktives-zentrum.de

Klinische Monatsblatter Fur Augenheilkunde

|September 14, 2012

Summary

Postoperative endophthalmitis occurs in 0.04%-0.3% of cataract surgeries. This review provides evidence-based recommendations for prophylaxis, diagnosis, and therapy, differentiating it from toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS).

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Iris Fixation via External Pentagram Suturing

Iris Fixation via External Pentagram Suturing

Published on: May 5, 2022

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Infectious Disease
Surgical Outcomes

Context:

Crystalline lens extraction is increasingly used for refractive purposes beyond treating cataracts.
Immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery is gaining popularity globally.
Differentiating postoperative endophthalmitis from toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS) is crucial.

Purpose:

To review current guidelines and studies on postoperative endophthalmitis incidence after lens extraction.
To provide evidence-based recommendations for endophthalmitis prophylaxis, diagnosis, and therapy.
To assess the impact of refractive lens procedures on endophthalmitis rates.

Summary:

Endophthalmitis incidence after cataract surgery ranges from 0.04% to 0.3%.
Povidone-iodine antisepsis is recommended; systemic and intravitreal antibiotics are advised for treatment.
Toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS) is a sterile inflammation, often caused by instrument cleaning agents or improper antibiotic preparation.

Impact:

Highlights the need for standardized prevention and management strategies for endophthalmitis.
Suggests a potentially lower infection rate with refractive lens implantation in phakic eyes, though data is limited.
Recommends a prospective registry to accurately document endophthalmitis cases after refractive IOL implantation.