Hypothalamic monoamines and their metabolites in the deermouse, Peromyscus maniculatus, during daily torpor

Deermice, subjected to food rationing, an ambient temperature below thermal neutrality and short photoperiod, were sacrificed in euthermia or during daily torpor. Hypothalamic monoamine and metabolite levels were quantified by HPLC with electrochemical detection. Significant elevations in the levels (pg/microgram protein) of dopamine, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, and homovanillic acid were noted in the torpid animals. The concentrations of norepinephrine and serotonin displayed no significant alterations between the euthermic and torpid states. However, the serotonin metabolite, 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid, was elevated by almost 300%. These data suggest that an increase in activity of the hypothalamic serotonergic and dopaminergic systems occurs during daily torpor in the deermouse.