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Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
Assessment of apical radial pulse01:25

Assessment of apical radial pulse

Apical-Radial (A-R) Pulse Assessment
The A-R pulse assessment involves simultaneous evaluation of the apical and radial pulses. When the apical and radial pulse rates vary, this assessment helps identify a pulse deficit.
Pre-Procedural Preparation
Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...

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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

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Relationship between atrial conduction delay and obstructive sleep apnea.

Ken-Ichi Maeno1, Takatoshi Kasai, Satoshi Kasagi

  • 1Sleep Center, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan.

Heart and Vessels
|September 15, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is linked to delayed atrial conduction, indicated by prolonged P-wave duration. This suggests OSA may contribute to atrial remodeling, increasing the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF).

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Prolonged P-wave duration signifies atrial conduction delay, a marker for left atrial abnormality and a precursor to atrial fibrillation (AF).
  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been previously associated with an increased risk of AF.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and prolonged P-wave duration.
  • To determine if OSA severity is independently associated with delayed atrial conduction.

Main Methods:

  • 250 subjects in normal sinus rhythm, without AF history, ischemic heart disease, or heart failure, underwent overnight polysomnography.
  • Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) quantified OSA severity.
  • P-wave duration was measured from digital electrocardiograms.

Main Results:

  • The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) showed a significant univariable relationship with P-wave duration (r = 0.56; P < 0.001).
  • Multivariate analysis confirmed that AHI independently correlated with P-wave duration (partial correlation coefficient, 0.47; P < 0.001), alongside age, BMI, and male gender.
  • Increased OSA severity was significantly associated with longer atrial conduction times.

Conclusions:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea is significantly associated with delayed atrial conduction.
  • OSA may promote atrial remodeling, potentially serving as a substrate for the development of atrial fibrillation.