A green method using a micellar system for determination of andrographolide and dehydroandrographolide in human...

A method based on cloud point extraction (CPE) coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography separation and ultraviolet (UV) detection was developed to determine andrographolide and dehydroandrographolide in human plasma. The nonionic surfactant Triton X-114 was chosen as the extraction medium. Variable parameters affecting the CPE efficiency were evaluated and optimized, such as concentrations of Triton X-114 and NaCl, pH, equilibration temperature and equilibration time. A Zorbax SB C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 µm) was used for separation of the two analytes at 30°C. The UV detection was performed at 254 nm. Under the optimum conditions, the limits of detection of andrographolide and dehydroandrographolide are 0.032 and 0.019 µg/mL, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day precisions expressed as relative standard deviation ranged from 3.2 to 7.3% and from 2.9 and 8.6%. The recoveries of andrographolide and dehydroandrographolide were in the range of 76.8-98.6% at three fortified concentrations of 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 µg/mL. This method was efficient, environmentally friendly, rapid and inexpensive for the extraction and determination of andrographolide and dehydroandrographolide in human plasma.