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Related Concept Videos

Histology of the Small Intestine01:27

Histology of the Small Intestine

The small intestine exhibits a unique histological structure that significantly enhances its function in digestion and nutrient absorption. These structures include circular folds, villi, and various specialized cells that collectively facilitate the digestion of food.
The intestinal lining features transverse folds called circular folds, each housing fingerlike projections known as intestinal villi. These villi are covered by a layer of simple columnar epithelium, also referred to as...
Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the goblet,...
Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy01:26

Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy

This lesson explores three gastrointestinal imaging techniques: radionuclide testing, colonic transit studies, and virtual colonoscopy.
Radionuclide Testing
Radionuclide testing is a sophisticated medical technique for assessing gastrointestinal motility. It focuses on gastric emptying and colonic transit time. Radioactive markers track the movement of food through the digestive system, providing insights into gastrointestinal disorders.
In gastric emptying studies, a meal's liquid and solid...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation

Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is classified into subtypes based on the predominant bowel habits as determined by the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). The subtypes are:
Histology of the Large Intestine01:26

Histology of the Large Intestine

The large intestine, a vital component of the gastrointestinal tract, is structured with four main layers: the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa. Each layer performs a distinct role in facilitating the smooth functioning of the large intestine.
The innermost mucosa layer comprises simple columnar epithelium, lamina propria, and muscularis mucosae. This layer is primarily populated with absorptive cells, tasked with water absorption, and goblet cells, responsible for secreting mucus to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Colorectal Cancer Cell Surface Protein Profiling Using an Antibody Microarray and Fluorescence Multiplexing
15:17

Colorectal Cancer Cell Surface Protein Profiling Using an Antibody Microarray and Fluorescence Multiplexing

Published on: September 25, 2011

Profiling of ileal carcinoids.

Ola Nilsson1

  • 1Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden. ola.nilsson@llcr.med.gu.se

Neuroendocrinology
|September 19, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Profiling ileal carcinoids reveals genetic alterations and gene expression patterns. These findings suggest novel therapeutic targets for ileal carcinoid tumors, requiring further translational studies for validation.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Ileal carcinoids require new treatment options.
  • Understanding molecular mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review risk factors, genetic aberrations, and transcriptional alterations in ileal carcinoids.
  • To identify novel therapeutic targets by analyzing molecular mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Examined recent profiling studies on ileal carcinoids.
  • Utilized genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and genomic/expression profiling.
  • Applied hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis (PCA).

Main Results:

  • Identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL12A and DAD1 associated with increased risk.

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Colorectal Cancer Cell Surface Protein Profiling Using an Antibody Microarray and Fluorescence Multiplexing

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Postoperative Ileus Murine Model
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Postoperative Ileus Murine Model

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  • Revealed distinct copy-number alteration patterns, classifying tumors into two groups based on chromosomal losses (e.g., chromosome 18).
  • Expression profiling identified three groups, with MIR133A downregulation linked to tumor progression. Candidate therapeutic targets include ERBB2/HER2, DAD1, and MIR133A.

    • Conclusions:

    • Ileal carcinoid profiling identified recurrent genetic alterations and distinct gene expression patterns.
    • Frequent alterations in cellular pathways and genes suggest novel therapeutic targets.
    • Translational studies are necessary to validate the identified molecular targets.