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Related Concept Videos

Enteral Nutrition I: Orogastric and Nasogastric Feeding01:26

Enteral Nutrition I: Orogastric and Nasogastric Feeding

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Enteral nutrition delivers nutrients directly to the stomach or small intestine through a tube. This method is appropriate for patients who cannot eat but still have a functioning digestive system. It is also beneficial for individuals with swallowing difficulties, anorexia, malabsorption, or those who have undergone gastrointestinal (GI) surgery.
Orogastric (OG) and nasogastric (NG) feeding are two standard methods used for enteral nutrition. Enteral nutrition is often preferred over...
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The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
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Routes of Drug Administration: Enteral01:18

Routes of Drug Administration: Enteral

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Medications can be administered through the enteral route using liquids, capsules, or tablets.
Enteral administration involves drug administration via the mouth in two ways: orally or sublingually.
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Physiology of Enteric Nervous System and Gut Health01:05

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The gastrointestinal tract, responsible for the digestion and absorption of nutrients, is safeguarded by the intestinal barrier, which consists of secretory, physical, and immune components. At the forefront is the secretory barrier, composed of essential elements such as mucus, gut microbiota, and defense proteins. They collaborate to break down food particles, facilitate nutrient absorption, and maintain optimal gut health. These secretory components ensure the smooth functioning of the...
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Enteric Nervous System: Regulation of GI Motor Activity01:11

Enteric Nervous System: Regulation of GI Motor Activity

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The Enteric Nervous System (ENS) plays a pivotal role in regulating gastrointestinal or GI motor activity. This complex network of nerves, deeply embedded within the gut wall, responds to changes in the gut environment and receives input from both the autonomic nervous system and the central nervous system. By doing so, the ENS operates various programs tailored to the body's nutritional status and needs.
During periods of fasting, the ENS initiates the migrating myoelectric complex, a...
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Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding01:15

Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding

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Enteral nutrition encompasses various methods of delivering nutrition directly to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, bypassing traditional oral intake. It is particularly beneficial for patients who cannot eat by mouth but have a functioning digestive system. Key methods include nasointestinal feeding, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy, each suited to different clinical scenarios based on the patient's needs and condition.
Nasointestinal Feeding
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Author Spotlight: Isolation and Characterization of Equine Submucosal Enteric Glia — Implications for Preventing Postoperative Complications in Colic Surgery
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Author Spotlight: Isolation and Characterization of Equine Submucosal Enteric Glia — Implications for Preventing Postoperative Complications in Colic Surgery

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Enteric pythiosis in a horse.

N Allison1, J P Gillis

  • 1College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, MS 39764.

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
|February 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Pythiosis, a parasitic infection, was diagnosed in a Quarter Horse presenting with colic. Surgical findings revealed a stenotic jejunum with granulomatous inflammation, confirming this rare equine disease.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Equine Medicine
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Enteric pythiosis is a rare but severe disease in horses caused by the oomycete Pythium insidiosum.
  • Clinical signs can be nonspecific, often mimicking other causes of colic, making diagnosis challenging.

Observation:

  • A 2-year-old Quarter Horse gelding presented with recurrent colic, temporary relief from medical management, and subsequent intestinal distention.
  • Surgical exploration revealed a thickened, stenotic segment in the jejunum with firm, nodular caseous material in the intestinal wall and mesentery.

Findings:

  • Histopathology confirmed sclerosing eosinophilic granulomatous enteritis and peritonitis.
  • The etiologic agent, Pythium insidiosum, was identified after targeted sectioning, despite initial resemblance to parasitic migration lesions.

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Analysis of Chromosome Segregation, Histone Acetylation, and Spindle Morphology in Horse Oocytes
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Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering Pythium insidiosum in horses with unexplained gastrointestinal signs and granulomatous enteritis.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for appropriate treatment and improved prognosis in equine pythiosis.