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Experimental cryptosporidiosis in a primate model
R A Miller1, M A Bronsdon, W R Morton
1Regional Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|February 1, 1990
Summary
A new macaque model for cryptosporidiosis accurately mimics human infant disease. This study found that inoculum size did not affect disease severity, but partial immunity was observed after reinfection.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Primate Models
Background:
- Cryptosporidium infection in infant macaques closely resembles human pediatric cryptosporidiosis.
- A reproducible experimental model is crucial for studying this parasitic disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish and utilize a macaque model to investigate the infectious dose and inoculum size effects on cryptosporidiosis.
- To assess the development of acquired immunity following infection.
Main Methods:
- Pigtailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina) were inoculated with varying doses of Cryptosporidium oocysts via nasogastric tube.
- Clinical signs, oocyst shedding, and response to rechallenge were monitored.
- Histological and microbiological assessments were performed.
Main Results:
- All inoculated macaques developed clinical enteritis and shed large numbers of oocysts, regardless of inoculum size (2 x 10(5) or 10 oocysts).
- Inoculum size did not influence disease severity or duration.
- Partial acquired immunity was evident upon rechallenge two weeks post-infection.
Conclusions:
- The macaque model effectively replicates human cryptosporidiosis, offering a valuable tool for research.
- Low infectious doses and high oocyst shedding contribute to cryptosporidiosis's contagiousness in primates.
- Findings have implications for understanding and controlling human cryptosporidiosis epidemiology.