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Related Concept Videos

Flow Cytometry01:23

Flow Cytometry

The development of flow cytometry techniques began in 1934 with initial attempts by Andrew Moldavan, a bacteriologist who counted the cells in a flowing capillary system. Moldavan pumped cells through a capillary tube focused under a microscope for visualization. The invention of photometry allowed the measurement of differentially-stained cells, and Louis Kamentsky developed the first multiparameter flow cytometer in 1965 to identify and count the cancer cells in cervical tissue specimens.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Step-specific Sorting of Mouse Spermatids by Flow Cytometry
06:31

Step-specific Sorting of Mouse Spermatids by Flow Cytometry

Published on: December 31, 2015

Sex-sorting sperm using flow cytometry/cell sorting.

Duane L Garner1, K Michael Evans, George E Seidel

  • 1GametoBiology Consulting, Graeagle, CA, USA. duanejunegarner@msn.com

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|September 21, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sex-sorting sperm using flow cytometry predetermines mammalian offspring sex. This method, utilizing Hoechst 33342 staining and high-speed sorting, achieves high purity for artificial insemination and in vitro fertilization applications.

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Flow Cytometry Purification of Mouse Meiotic Cells
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Flow Cytometry Purification of Mouse Meiotic Cells

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Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Step-specific Sorting of Mouse Spermatids by Flow Cytometry
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Published on: December 31, 2015

A Standardized Approach for Multispecies Purification of Mammalian Male Germ Cells by Mechanical Tissue Dissociation and Flow Cytometry
08:46

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Flow Cytometry Purification of Mouse Meiotic Cells
10:43

Flow Cytometry Purification of Mouse Meiotic Cells

Published on: April 15, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Mammalian offspring sex determination is crucial for livestock management and conservation efforts.
  • Traditional methods for sex selection are often inefficient or invasive.
  • Flow cytometry offers a precise method for separating X- and Y-chromosome-bearing sperm.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To predetermine the sex of mammalian offspring through sperm sorting.
  • To evaluate the efficacy and purity of flow cytometric sperm sorting.
  • To assess the applicability of this technology across various mammalian species.

Main Methods:

  • Sperm DNA staining with Hoechst 33342 fluorophore.
  • High-speed flow cytometry (MoFlo® SX XDP) for sex-sorting sperm.
  • Collection, reconcentration, and cryopreservation of sorted sperm populations.

Main Results:

  • High purity (90%) of X- and Y-chromosome-bearing sperm subpopulations achieved.
  • Efficient sorting rates (e.g., 8,000 sperm/s for bovine sperm).
  • Successful application in various mammalian species, including cattle, swine, horses, and humans.

Conclusions:

  • Flow cytometric sperm sorting is a reliable method for predetermining mammalian offspring sex.
  • The technology is applicable for artificial insemination and in vitro fertilization.
  • Commercial application in cattle demonstrates the viability and effectiveness of this technique.