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Related Concept Videos

Case Studies01:22

Case Studies

There are many research methods available to psychologists in their efforts to understand, describe, and explain behavior and the cognitive and biological processes that underlie it.
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...
Longitudinal Studies01:26

Longitudinal Studies

Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
Relationship with Other Adult Family Members and Siblings01:29

Relationship with Other Adult Family Members and Siblings

Other adult family members and siblings play a crucial role in shaping children’s social and emotional development. While parents or primary caregivers are often the central figures in early attachment and socialization, other adults in a child’s life, such as grandparents, aunts, and uncles, can significantly influence developmental outcomes. These influences depend on each adult’s personality and may help compensate when a primary caregiver is emotionally distant or inconsistent. For...
Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development from Childhood into Adulthood01:25

Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development from Childhood into Adulthood

Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development emphasizes the role of thinking in a child's learning process, suggesting that children are naturally curious about their environment. His approach to development is discontinuous, proposing that cognitive abilities progress through distinct stages, each with unique characteristics. Central to Piaget's theory is schemata—mental structures that allow individuals to understand and interpret the world.
Schemata: Building Blocks of Knowledge
Schemata...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

A Pediatric Concussion Model in Mice: Closed Head Injury with Long-Term Disorders (CHILD)
07:01

A Pediatric Concussion Model in Mice: Closed Head Injury with Long-Term Disorders (CHILD)

Published on: February 7, 2025

Studies in children.

Frederica P Perera1, Susan C Edwards

  • 1Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. fpp1@columbia.edu

IARC Scientific Publications
|September 25, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Preventing childhood diseases like asthma and cancer is crucial. Molecular epidemiology links environmental exposures to children's illnesses, but faces challenges in studying young populations.

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Studying Brain Function in Children Using Magnetoencephalography
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Studying Brain Function in Children Using Magnetoencephalography

Published on: April 8, 2019

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Last Updated: May 18, 2026

A Pediatric Concussion Model in Mice: Closed Head Injury with Long-Term Disorders (CHILD)
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Published on: February 7, 2025

Studying Brain Function in Children Using Magnetoencephalography
08:00

Studying Brain Function in Children Using Magnetoencephalography

Published on: April 8, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Pediatric Epidemiology
  • Molecular Epidemiology

Background:

  • Childhood diseases such as asthma, cancer, and developmental disorders represent a significant and increasing burden on families and society.
  • Environmental factors, including lifestyle choices, pollutants, and toxic exposures, are implicated as major contributors to the rise in these pediatric illnesses.
  • Genetic susceptibility and nutritional deficits can interact with environmental exposures to exacerbate disease development in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent research on molecular epidemiology of childhood diseases.
  • To illustrate the strengths and limitations of molecular epidemiology in connecting environmental exposures to pediatric illnesses.
  • To highlight challenges specific to studying environmental impacts on children's health, including ethical and technical issues.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current research in molecular epidemiology focusing on childhood diseases.
  • Discussion of key pediatric diseases: asthma, cancer, and developmental disorders.
  • Examination of the role of environmental exposures and host factors in disease etiology.

Main Results:

  • Molecular epidemiology provides insights into prenatal exposures, childhood susceptibility, and the effects of environmental-host interactions.
  • Environmental factors, from in utero exposures to ambient pollutants, play a substantial role in pediatric disease.
  • Studies in children reveal preclinical and clinical effects of combined environmental and genetic factors.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular epidemiology is vital for understanding childhood diseases but faces unique challenges in pediatric populations.
  • Ethical considerations, limited biological samples, and communication barriers complicate research in young children.
  • Integrating advanced 'omic' techniques and biomarkers in pediatric studies presents both opportunities and difficulties.