Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity02:57

Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity

Surface Tension
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
Cohesion01:07

Cohesion

Cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same type, such as water molecules. Water molecules have an overall neutral charge but are polar molecule. An oxygen atom in one water molecule has a partial negative charge that can bind to a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge in a second water molecule, forming a hydrogen bond. Each water molecule can form up to four hydrogen bonds with other water molecules. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for water's cohesive nature.
On a surface,...
Surface Tension of Fluid01:22

Surface Tension of Fluid

Surface tension is a fundamental property of fluids, occurring at the boundary between a liquid and a gas or between two immiscible liquids. This phenomenon arises from the cohesive forces between molecules at the fluid's surface, creating an effect similar to a stretched elastic membrane. Inside each fluid, molecules are equally attracted in all directions by neighboring molecules, but surface molecules experience a net inward force, resulting in surface tension.
Surface tension varies with...
Surface Tension and Surface Energy01:16

Surface Tension and Surface Energy

When a paint brush is immersed in water, the bristles wave freely inside the water. When it is taken out, the bristles stick together. The reason behind this effect is surface tension.
Consider a beaker filled with liquid. The bulk molecules in the liquid experience equal attractive forces on all sides with the surrounding molecules. However, the surface molecules experience a net attractive force downward due to the bulk molecules. The surface of the liquid behaves like a stretched membrane,...
Capillarity in Fluid01:19

Capillarity in Fluid

Capillarity describes the movement of liquid in small spaces without external forces acting on it. The capillarity is driven by surface tension and adhesive interactions between the liquid and surrounding solid surfaces. This effect is often seen in narrow tubes, porous materials, and fine particles.
Surface tension is crucial to capillarity. It results from cohesive forces between liquid molecules at the liquid-air boundary, forming a skin that resists external forces. When the capillary tube...
Theories of Dissolution: The Danckwerts' Model and Interfacial Barrier Model01:09

Theories of Dissolution: The Danckwerts' Model and Interfacial Barrier Model

Various dissolution theories provide insight into the factors that influence the dissolution rate. Danckwerts' Model suggests that turbulence, rather than a stagnant layer, characterizes the dissolution medium at the solid-liquid interface. In this model, the agitated solvent contains macroscopic packets that move to the interface via eddy currents, facilitating the absorption and delivery of the drug to the bulk solution. The regular replenishment of solvent packets maintains the concentration...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Monoalcohol-Directed Shape Control in a Surfactant-Free Gold Nanoplate Synthesis.

Small methods·2026
Same author

Clinical Pharmacology Perspective on Direct-To-Subcutaneous Dosing of T Cell Engagers in Oncology First-In-Human Studies.

Clinical and translational science·2025
Same author

Monte Carlo methods, 70 years after "Equation of state calculations by fast computing machines" by Nicholas Metropolis, Arianna Rosenbluth, Marshall Rosenbluth, Augusta Teller, and Edward Teller (1953).

The Journal of chemical physics·2025
Same author

Anisotropic surface potentials induced by competitive ion adsorption enable the synthesis of branched cubic Pt mesocrystals.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Patchy nanoparticles by atomic stencilling.

Nature·2025
Same author

Reply to "High Pharmacokinetic Variability and Unrecognized Limitations in First-Line Osimertinib Plus Chemotherapy for EGFR-Mutated NSCLC".

Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics·2025
Same journal

Interfacial Behavior and Adsorption Mechanisms of Sorbitol Polyether Ester Emulsifiers in D-Phase Emulsion Systems: Applications for Spontaneous Emulsification.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2026
Same journal

Ti<sub>3</sub> Cluster-Doped 2D Goldene Surface for Electronic and Optical Sensing of Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Hydrocarbon-Based Respiratory Biomarkers: A DFT Study.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2026
Same journal

Condensation of GO<i>x</i> by Restoring Global Protein Fold on Diazo-Enriched SG Surfaces: Reinstallation of FADs Restores Biocatalytic Sustainability in Quantifying Blood Glucose.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2026
Same journal

Correction to "Protein Encapsulated DNA Metal Nanocluster as Fluorescent Nanoprobe for Detecting Insulin".

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2026
Same journal

Rational Design of V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> Hierarchical Microspheres with Tunable Porosities and Primary Building Blocks for Enhanced Lithium Storage Performance.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2026
Same journal

Roles of Anion and Cation Doping in g-C<b><sub>3</sub></b>N<b><sub>4</sub></b> as Artificial SEI for Regulating Interfacial Zn<b><sup>2+</sup></b> Deposition in Aqueous Zinc Metal Anodes.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Rendering SiO2/Si Surfaces Omniphobic by Carving Gas-Entrapping Microtextures Comprising Reentrant and Doubly Reentrant Cavities or Pillars
08:02

Rendering SiO2/Si Surfaces Omniphobic by Carving Gas-Entrapping Microtextures Comprising Reentrant and Doubly Reentrant Cavities or Pillars

Published on: February 11, 2020

A theory for the morphological dependence of wetting on a physically patterned solid surface.

Azar Shahraz1, Ali Borhan, Kristen A Fichthorn

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|September 25, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new model for droplet behavior on grooved hydrophobic surfaces, accurately predicting wetting configurations and contact angles by including contact line pinning and gravity effects for enhanced superhydrophobicity.

More Related Videos

Light-induced Patterning and Grafting for Slippery Surfaces based on Silane-coated Nanoporous Structures
07:23

Light-induced Patterning and Grafting for Slippery Surfaces based on Silane-coated Nanoporous Structures

Published on: November 14, 2025

Proof-of-Concept for Gas-Entrapping Membranes Derived from Water-Loving SiO2/Si/SiO2 Wafers for Green Desalination
09:39

Proof-of-Concept for Gas-Entrapping Membranes Derived from Water-Loving SiO2/Si/SiO2 Wafers for Green Desalination

Published on: March 1, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Rendering SiO2/Si Surfaces Omniphobic by Carving Gas-Entrapping Microtextures Comprising Reentrant and Doubly Reentrant Cavities or Pillars
08:02

Rendering SiO2/Si Surfaces Omniphobic by Carving Gas-Entrapping Microtextures Comprising Reentrant and Doubly Reentrant Cavities or Pillars

Published on: February 11, 2020

Light-induced Patterning and Grafting for Slippery Surfaces based on Silane-coated Nanoporous Structures
07:23

Light-induced Patterning and Grafting for Slippery Surfaces based on Silane-coated Nanoporous Structures

Published on: November 14, 2025

Proof-of-Concept for Gas-Entrapping Membranes Derived from Water-Loving SiO2/Si/SiO2 Wafers for Green Desalination
09:39

Proof-of-Concept for Gas-Entrapping Membranes Derived from Water-Loving SiO2/Si/SiO2 Wafers for Green Desalination

Published on: March 1, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Surface science
  • Materials science
  • Physics

Background:

  • Understanding droplet behavior on hydrophobic surfaces is crucial for applications like self-cleaning and anti-icing.
  • Existing models like Cassie and Wenzel do not fully capture contact line pinning effects at surface step edges.
  • Gravity's influence on droplet configuration is often simplified or ignored in theoretical models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a theoretical model for predicting equilibrium wetting configurations of 2D droplets on periodically grooved hydrophobic surfaces.
  • To incorporate the effects of contact line pinning/depinning and gravity (Bond number) into wetting predictions.
  • To construct phase diagrams illustrating wetting modes and contact angles as functions of surface geometry and droplet size.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized free-energy minimization to predict equilibrium states.
  • Developed a continuum-level theoretical model accounting for contact line pinning and gravity.
  • Constructed phase diagrams showing wetting modes and contact angles based on geometrical parameters.
  • Compared theoretical predictions with molecular dynamics simulations and experimental data.

Main Results:

  • The model accurately predicts wetting configurations and contact angles, including effects of contact line pinning.
  • Phase diagrams reveal the dependence of wetting modes on surface geometry and droplet size.
  • Predictions show good agreement with molecular dynamics simulations and experimental measurements for small droplets.
  • Contact-line pinning is identified as critical for achieving superhydrophobicity.

Conclusions:

  • The developed theoretical model provides a more accurate prediction of droplet wetting on grooved hydrophobic surfaces.
  • Contact-line pinning plays a significant role in superhydrophobic behavior.
  • Maximum contact angles are achieved when droplet size matches the surface pattern length scale, highlighting the importance of scale interactions.