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Related Experiment Videos

Methodological variables affecting phonational frequency range in adults.

A R Reich1, R R Frederickson, J A Mason

  • 1University of Washington, Seattle.

The Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders
|February 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Vocal exercises like glissandos significantly expand phonational frequency (Fo) range compared to discrete steps. Women showed a larger Fo range in hertz than men.

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Area of Science:

  • Speech and Hearing Sciences
  • Acoustic Phonetics
  • Vocal Physiology

Background:

  • Understanding the factors influencing vocal range is crucial for voice training and clinical assessment.
  • Phonational frequency (Fo) range is a key indicator of vocal capability and health.
  • Previous research has explored various methods for eliciting maximal and minimal Fo, but comparisons across different elicitation techniques are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of different auditory elicitation methods on phonational frequency (Fo) range in healthy adults.
  • To compare the effectiveness of discrete steps, slow steps, fast steps, slow glissando, and fast glissando in eliciting maximal and minimal Fo.
  • To determine if gender influences the observed effects of elicitation variables on Fo range.

Main Methods:

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  • Twenty adult males and twenty adult females participated in the study.
  • Participants responded to five distinct audiotaped tone conditions: discrete steps, slow steps, fast steps, slow glissando, and fast glissando.
  • Maximal and minimal phonational frequency (Fo) were measured for each condition to calculate the Fo range.

Main Results:

  • All tested elicitation conditions resulted in a significantly higher maximal Fo and a larger Fo range (in both Hz and semitones) compared to the discrete steps condition.
  • Fast steps elicited a significantly higher minimal Fo than fast glissando.
  • Both slow and fast glissando conditions produced a significantly larger Fo range in semitones than the fast steps condition.
  • Women exhibited a significantly larger Fo range in Hertz, but not semitones, compared to men.

Conclusions:

  • Auditory elicitation methods, particularly glissandos, are more effective than discrete steps in expanding the phonational frequency (Fo) range.
  • The choice of elicitation technique can influence both the maximal and minimal Fo, thereby affecting the overall vocal range.
  • While women demonstrated a greater absolute Fo range (in Hz), gender did not significantly impact the relative range (in semitones), suggesting potential differences in vocal production mechanisms or perception.