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Updated: May 18, 2026

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
Published on: February 2, 2020
Development of the questionnaire on palliative care for advanced dementia (qPAD)
Carol O Long1, Evelyn J Sowell, Robert K Hess
1Palliative Care for Advanced Dementia, Beatitudes Campus, Phoenix, Arizona, AZ 85044, USA. carollong@cox.net
Abstract:
The Questionnaire on Palliative Care for Advanced Dementia (qPAD) is a 2-part instrument that measures long-term care staff knowledge, and beliefs, perceptions, and attitudes about palliative and end-of-life care for persons with advanced dementia. Factor analyses of the Knowledge Test (coefficient α = .81) produced 3 factors: Anticipating Needs, Preventing Negative Outcomes, and Insight and Intuition (coefficient α = .75, .73, and .58, respectively), explaining 67% of the total variance. Factor analyses of the Attitude Scale (coefficient α = .83) produced 3 factors: Job Satisfaction, Perceptions and Beliefs, and Work Setting Support of Families (coefficient α = .90, .64, and .67, respectively), explaining 68% of the total variance. These initial findings hold promise for an instrument that measures both knowledge and attitudes of long-term care staff in the care of persons with advanced dementia.
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