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Critical behavior of a strongly interacting 2D electron system.

A Mokashi¹, S Li, B Wen

¹Physics Department, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.

Physical Review Letters

|September 26, 2012

Summary

The thermopower of a two-dimensional electron system sharply increases, indicating a transition to a new phase at low electron densities. This interaction-induced transition is independent of disorder and occurs at a critical density.

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Area of Science:

Condensed matter physics
Materials science

Background:

Two-dimensional electron systems (2DES) are crucial in understanding fundamental electronic properties.
Low-disorder systems provide a cleaner platform to study electron interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate the behavior of thermopower in a low-disorder 2D electron system as electron density decreases.
Identify and characterize any phase transitions occurring at low electron densities.

Main Methods:

Measured thermopower (S) as a function of electron density (n(s)) in a low-disorder silicon 2D system.
Analyzed the temperature dependence of thermopower near the transition point.

Main Results:

Observed a sharp, order-of-magnitude increase in thermopower as n(s) decreased.
Found thermopower tending to diverge at a critical density n(t), independent of disorder.
The critical behavior followed the form (-T/S) ∝ (n(s)-n(t))^x with x=1.0±0.1.

Conclusions:

The results strongly suggest an interaction-induced phase transition in the 2D electron system at low densities.
This transition is characteristic of strongly interacting electron systems and is disorder-independent.