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Updated: May 18, 2026

The Dyspepsia Educational Tool As a Novel Aid in Dyspepsia Management
Published on: June 29, 2019
[Adverse events associated with long-term use of proton pump inhibitors]
Christina Reimer1, Peter Bytzer
1Medicinsk Afdeling, Køge Sygehus, Lykkebækvej 1, Køge.
Abstract:
Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) remain the leading therapy for acid-related disorders. Long-term PPI use increases the risk of pneumonia and enteric bacterial infections and of nosocomial Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea. PPIs do not lead to vitamin B12 or iron deficiencies and do not induce malignancies or increase the risk of major birth defects. Prolonged PPI use may be a weak risk factor for certain fractures and results in hypergastrinaemia and parietal cell hyperplasia leading to rebound acid hypersecretion, which may induce symptoms on withdrawal of therapy.
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