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Related Concept Videos

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
Catalysis01:27

Catalysis

Catalysis influences the rate of chemical reactions by providing an alternative reaction pathway with lower activation energy. A catalyst speeds up a reaction, but it is not consumed during the process. The fundamental principle of catalysis is the ability of a catalyst to alter the reaction mechanism, often introducing a more efficient pathway than the uncatalyzed process.In a catalyzed reaction, the catalyst participates directly in the reaction mechanism. It interacts with reactants to form...
Heterogeneous Catalysis01:22

Heterogeneous Catalysis

Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...
Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:24

Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the surface of...

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Updated: May 18, 2026

Imine Metathesis by Silica-Supported Catalysts Using the Methodology of Surface Organometallic Chemistry
09:37

Imine Metathesis by Silica-Supported Catalysts Using the Methodology of Surface Organometallic Chemistry

Published on: October 18, 2019

Catalytic selective synthesis.

Jessada Mahatthananchai1, Aaron M Dumas, Jeffrey W Bode

  • 1Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Wolfgang Pauli Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|September 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Catalyst structure dictates reaction outcomes, enabling diverse products from identical starting materials. This review highlights selective catalysis, emphasizing progress and future needs in catalyst design.

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Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Imine Metathesis by Silica-Supported Catalysts Using the Methodology of Surface Organometallic Chemistry
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Development of Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts using Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs)
08:25

Development of Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts using Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs)

Published on: January 17, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Catalysis
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Catalyst structure enables precise control over chemical reaction products.
  • While enantioselective catalysis is well-understood, selectivity in regio-, chemo-, and product-selective reactions requires further formulation.
  • Identical starting materials can yield distinct products based solely on catalyst choice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and exemplify selective catalytic transformations.
  • To encourage progress in catalyst design for selective reactions.
  • To identify unmet needs in understanding and designing selective catalysts.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of selective catalysis examples.
  • Highlighting transformations yielding multiple products from the same starting materials.
  • Analysis of catalyst-driven selectivity.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of catalyst-controlled selectivity across various reaction types.
  • Compilation of examples showcasing diverse product formation from single precursors.
  • Identification of areas needing further research in selective catalysis.

Conclusions:

  • Catalyst structure is a powerful tool for controlling reaction selectivity.
  • Significant progress has been made in selective catalysis.
  • Further research is needed for mechanistic understanding and rational catalyst design.