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Experimental glomerulonephritis induced by antigen that binds to glomerular fibronectin
F G Cosio1, J D Mahan, D D Sedmak
1Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210-1228.
Summary
Antigens binding to fibronectin (FN) in the kidney can induce glomerulonephritis. This study shows FN-binding antigens cause kidney inflammation and injury in rats, relevant to human immune complex diseases.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Immunology
- Pathology
Background:
- Antigens binding to fibronectin (FN) localize to the glomerular mesangium after intravenous injection.
- The role of FN-binding antigens in inducing glomerulonephritis was previously unknown.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if FN-binding antigens can induce glomerulonephritis.
- To investigate the phases and characteristics of FN-binding antigen-induced glomerulonephritis.
Main Methods:
- Rats were intravenously injected with phenylated gelatin (DNP-GL), an FN-binding antigen, followed by anti-DNP antibodies.
- Histological examination, immunoperoxidase staining for IgG and C3, and proteinuria measurements were performed.
Main Results:
- The experimental protocol induced glomerulonephritis with distinct heterologous and autologous phases.
- Histologic changes included mesangial expansion, inflammation, and increased cell counts.
- Mesangial deposition of immunoglobulins and complement was observed in both disease phases.
Conclusions:
- Antigens that bind to mesangial FN can induce glomerulonephritis.
- This mechanism is potentially relevant to human immune complex-mediated kidney diseases involving FN-binding antigens.