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Related Concept Videos

Base Excision Repair01:54

Base Excision Repair

One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:38

Nucleotide Excision Repair

DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:08

Nucleotide Excision Repair

Overview
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Identifying the Effects of BRCA1 Mutations on Homologous Recombination using Cells that Express Endogenous Wild-type BRCA1
08:53

Identifying the Effects of BRCA1 Mutations on Homologous Recombination using Cells that Express Endogenous Wild-type BRCA1

Published on: February 17, 2011

DNA damage: placing BRCA1 in the proper context.

Bernadette Aressy1, Roger A Greenberg

  • 1Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Current Biology : CB
|September 29, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The BRCA1 E3 ligase activity is crucial for DNA damage responses. Researchers identified Claspin as a novel target of this activity, uncovering new insights into cellular repair mechanisms.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Identifying the Effects of BRCA1 Mutations on Homologous Recombination using Cells that Express Endogenous Wild-type BRCA1
08:53

Identifying the Effects of BRCA1 Mutations on Homologous Recombination using Cells that Express Endogenous Wild-type BRCA1

Published on: February 17, 2011

Characterizing DNA Repair Processes at Transient and Long-lasting Double-strand DNA Breaks by Immunofluorescence Microscopy
08:31

Characterizing DNA Repair Processes at Transient and Long-lasting Double-strand DNA Breaks by Immunofluorescence Microscopy

Published on: June 8, 2018

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence
07:55

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence

Published on: June 26, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The E3 ligase activity of BRCA1 is essential for DNA damage response pathways.
  • Understanding the specific targets of BRCA1's E3 ligase function is key to elucidating its role in maintaining genomic stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of BRCA1's evolutionarily conserved E3 ligase activity in DNA damage responses.
  • To identify novel substrates of BRCA1 E3 ligase activity in response to DNA damage.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized genetically engineered cells with a specific BRCA1 RING domain mutation.
  • Employed molecular biology techniques to identify protein interactions and targets of BRCA1 E3 ligase activity.

Main Results:

  • Identified Claspin as a new target protein of BRCA1 E3 ligase activity.
  • Demonstrated that this interaction is specific to certain types of DNA damage.

Conclusions:

  • BRCA1's E3 ligase activity directly targets Claspin in response to DNA damage.
  • This finding provides a new molecular mechanism by which BRCA1 contributes to DNA repair and genomic integrity.