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Related Concept Videos

Calorimetry01:19

Calorimetry

When objects at different temperatures are placed in contact with each other but isolated from everything else, they attain thermal equilibrium. A container that prevents heat transfer in or out is called a calorimeter, and the use of a calorimeter to make measurements is called calorimetry. Generally, these measurements involve heat or specific heat capacity. The term "calorimetry problem" is used for any problem where the specified objects are thermally isolated from their surroundings. An...
Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy01:37

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy

Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) provides a better resolution than conventional fluorescence microscopy by reducing the point spread function (PSF). PSF is the light intensity distribution from a point that causes it to appear blurred. Due to PSF, each fluorescing point appears bigger than its actual size, and it is the PSF interference of nearby fluorophores that causes the blurred image. Various approaches to achieving higher resolution through SRFM have recently been developed.
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS)01:14

Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS)

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) is the combination of analytical techniques of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry in a single instrument for analyzing a mixture of compounds. The gas chromatograph separates the compounds in the mixture, and the mass spectrometer analyzes each compound separately to determine the molecular masses and molecular structures.
A gas chromatograph consists of a long, narrow capillary column with a polysiloxane coating on the inner wall. The coating...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
The atomizer used in AAS can be either a flame atomizer or an...
IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...

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Related Experiment Video

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Visualization of Low-Level Gamma Radiation Sources Using a Low-Cost, High-Sensitivity, Omnidirectional Compton Camera
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Visualization of Low-Level Gamma Radiation Sources Using a Low-Cost, High-Sensitivity, Omnidirectional Compton Camera

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A high resolution gamma-ray spectrometer based on superconducting microcalorimeters.

D A Bennett1, R D Horansky, D R Schmidt

  • 1National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|October 2, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed the largest multiplexed array of transition-edge sensor (TES) microcalorimeters for advanced gamma-ray spectroscopy. This 256-pixel device offers unprecedented energy resolution for applications like nuclear material analysis.

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Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry
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Visualization of Low-Level Gamma Radiation Sources Using a Low-Cost, High-Sensitivity, Omnidirectional Compton Camera
06:28

Visualization of Low-Level Gamma Radiation Sources Using a Low-Cost, High-Sensitivity, Omnidirectional Compton Camera

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Studying Soft-matter and Biological Systems over a Wide Length-scale from Nanometer and Micrometer Sizes at the Small-angle Neutron Diffractometer KWS-2
11:27

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Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry
07:17

Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry

Published on: August 1, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Nuclear Engineering

Background:

  • Advancements in fabrication and readout technologies enable larger arrays of gamma-ray microcalorimeters.
  • Transition-edge sensors (TESs) offer exceptional energy resolution crucial for high-precision spectroscopy.
  • Applications in nuclear material analysis are limited by closely-spaced spectral peaks, necessitating improved spectroscopic capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize the largest multiplexed array of TES microcalorimeters to date.
  • To demonstrate the spectroscopic performance of a 256-pixel gamma-ray spectrometer.
  • To review the design, fabrication, readout, and data processing of the instrument.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a 256-pixel array of TES microcalorimeters.
  • Implementation of multiplexed readout techniques for the entire array.
  • Characterization of the energy resolution, dynamic range, and collecting area of the spectrometer.

Main Results:

  • A 256-pixel spectrometer with 5 cm(2) collecting area was constructed.
  • Average energy resolution of 53 eV (FWHM) at 97 keV was achieved.
  • Successful multiplexed readout of 236 pixels (91%) demonstrated, yielding spectroscopic data.

Conclusions:

  • The developed 256-pixel TES microcalorimeter array represents the largest multiplexed array to date.
  • The instrument demonstrates high energy resolution and a broad dynamic range, suitable for demanding spectroscopic applications.
  • This technology advances the capabilities for nondestructive analysis of nuclear materials and other fields requiring precise gamma-ray spectroscopy.