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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
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Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by transmural...
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Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response01:26

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Acute inflammation is a rapid, short-lived physiological response to tissue injury or infection, designed to eliminate harmful agents and initiate repair. This tightly regulated process typically lasts from minutes to several days and is triggered by factors such as microbial invasion, physical trauma, or chemical injury.Recognition and Mediator ReleaseThe inflammatory response begins when resident immune cells—such as mast cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells—detect damage-associated...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

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Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...

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Imaging CD4 T Cell Interstitial Migration in the Inflamed Dermis
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Imaging CD4 T Cell Interstitial Migration in the Inflamed Dermis

Published on: March 25, 2016

Current knowledge in inflammatory dermatopathology.

Maxwell A Fung1, Keira L Barr

  • 1UC Davis Dermatopathology Service, Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, 3301 C Street, Suite 1400, Sacramento, CA 95816, USA. maxwell.fung@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu

Dermatologic Clinics
|October 2, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Advances in understanding inflammatory skin diseases like psoriasis and atopic dermatitis are improving diagnosis and management. Future molecular tests will offer clinically relevant biomarkers for patient care.

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Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Imaging CD4 T Cell Interstitial Migration in the Inflamed Dermis
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Published on: April 20, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Histopathology

Background:

  • Inflammatory skin diseases, including psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, represent a complex area of study.
  • Significant progress in understanding disease mechanisms occurred in the early 21st century.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent developments in the histologic diagnosis of inflammatory skin diseases.
  • To highlight clinically relevant advances for dermatologists and pathologists.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature.
  • Focus on clinically relevant histologic diagnostic advancements.
  • Emphasis on psoriasis and atopic dermatitis.

Main Results:

  • Numerous advances in understanding inflammatory disease mechanisms have been made.
  • Molecular tests for biomarkers are becoming increasingly important for diagnosis, prognosis, and management.
  • Selected recent developments offer clinical relevance for histologic diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Continued progress promises a future with routine use of molecular biomarker tests in patient care.
  • Histologic diagnosis remains crucial, enhanced by new insights into disease mechanisms.
  • The evolving understanding of inflammatory skin diseases impacts clinical practice and patient outcomes.