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The antibody response to Epstein-Barr virions is altered in multiple sclerosis

J W Lindsey1, U Khan, W Ansari

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Suite 7.044, Houston, TX 77030, United States. John.w.lindsey@uth.tmc.edu

Journal of Neuroimmunology
|October 3, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) show an increased antibody response to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antigens. This study found altered antibody specificity to EBV in MS patients, suggesting a link between EBV and MS pathogenesis.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is linked to multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Patients with MS exhibit heightened antibody responses to specific EBV antigens.
  • The full spectrum of EBV antigens is not yet completely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate alterations in the antibody response to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • To determine if MS is associated with a modified antibody profile against EBV antigens.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
  • Western blot analysis was employed to identify specific EBV antigens recognized by antibodies.
  • Antibody levels and specificities were compared between MS patients and controls.

Main Results:

  • Antibodies to EB virions were elevated in both serum and CSF of individuals with MS.
  • Western blot analysis revealed that MS patients recognized multiple distinct EBV antigens.
  • A generally higher antibody response to all EBV antigens was observed in MS patients, with notable increases against certain antigens.

Conclusions:

  • The antibody response to EBV in MS patients is generally increased.
  • There is evidence of altered specificity in the antibody response to EBV among individuals with MS.
  • These findings suggest a significant immunomodulatory role of EBV in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.

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