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Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects01:25

Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects

Acute inflammation produces a coordinated set of local and systemic changes that limit injury, eliminate pathogens, and initiate repair. These responses arise within minutes of infection, trauma, or chemical insult and are driven by vascular alterations and leukocyte-derived mediators. When the stimulus resolves, the reaction typically abates within days.Local EffectsAt the site of injury, arteriolar vasodilation increases blood flow, resulting in redness and warmth. Simultaneously, increased...
Regulation of Stroke Volume01:27

Regulation of Stroke Volume

The regulation of stroke volume, which is the amount of blood the heart pumps out during each heartbeat, is critical for maintaining a healthy circulatory system. Stroke volume is influenced by three main factors: preload, contractility, and afterload.
Preload refers to the degree of stretch on the heart before it contracts. It's analogous to the stretching of a rubber band; the more it's stretched, the more forcefully it snaps back. This concept is encapsulated in the Frank-Starling law of the...

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Updated: May 18, 2026

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Immune Cells from the Ischemic Mouse Brain
12:14

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Immune Cells from the Ischemic Mouse Brain

Published on: February 12, 2016

Systemic immune activation shapes stroke outcome.

Katie N Murray1, Hannah F Buggey, Adam Denes

  • 1Faculty of Life Sciences, A.V. Hill Building, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.

Molecular and Cellular Neurosciences
|October 3, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pre-existing systemic inflammation, common with conditions like obesity and diabetes, significantly impacts stroke risk and outcomes. Understanding this immune activation is crucial for developing new stroke therapies.

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Isolation and Flow Cytometric Assessment of Neuroimmune Interactions in a Mini-Stroke Murine Model
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Isolation and Flow Cytometric Assessment of Neuroimmune Interactions in a Mini-Stroke Murine Model

Published on: June 20, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Immune Cells from the Ischemic Mouse Brain
12:14

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Immune Cells from the Ischemic Mouse Brain

Published on: February 12, 2016

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Assessment of Neuroimmune Interactions in a Mini-Stroke Murine Model
08:22

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Assessment of Neuroimmune Interactions in a Mini-Stroke Murine Model

Published on: June 20, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

  • Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability.
  • The immune system plays a critical role in stroke outcomes.
  • Research increasingly highlights the impact of pre-stroke immune activation on stroke risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of systemic inflammation and infection on stroke incidence and outcomes.
  • To explore the underlying mechanisms of immune system influence on stroke.
  • To emphasize the role of pre-existing inflammation in stroke pathophysiology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on immune activation prior to stroke.
  • Analysis of experimental and clinical evidence.
  • Examination of mechanisms linking systemic inflammation to stroke.

Main Results:

  • Chronic low-grade systemic inflammation is common in stroke patients due to comorbidities like obesity, hypertension, and diabetes.
  • Pre-stroke immune activation influences stroke risk and post-stroke recovery.
  • Infection and systemic inflammatory conditions can exacerbate stroke effects.

Conclusions:

  • The immune system's role in stroke extends beyond the post-stroke period.
  • Pre-existing inflammation is a key factor in stroke pathophysiology.
  • Targeting systemic inflammation may offer novel therapeutic strategies for stroke.