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Related Concept Videos

General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy

Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

A Spine Robotic-Assisted Navigation System for Pedicle Screw Placement
06:24

A Spine Robotic-Assisted Navigation System for Pedicle Screw Placement

Published on: May 11, 2020

Patient safety and office-based anesthesia.

Richard D Urman1, Nathan Punwani, Fred E Shapiro

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. rurman@partners.org

Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology
|October 3, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Office-based anesthesia is a growing field. Patient safety in office-based settings can be ensured through proper training, credentialing, and adherence to guidelines, making it as safe as hospital procedures.

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A Spine Robotic-Assisted Navigation System for Pedicle Screw Placement
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Published on: September 29, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Ambulatory Anesthesia
  • Office-Based Procedures

Background:

  • Office-based anesthesia is an emerging subspecialty driven by economic, social, and technological advancements.
  • A limited body of literature addresses patient safety specifically within the office-based anesthesia setting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review key developments in office-based anesthesia.
  • To identify strategies for maintaining and improving patient safety in this setting.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on office-based anesthesia and patient safety.
  • Analysis of factors influencing safety, including provider qualifications, facility accreditation, and regulatory oversight.

Main Results:

  • While some studies suggest increased risks, others indicate that proper credentialing and accreditation can lead to favorable outcomes.
  • Lack of uniform standards and oversight in office-based facilities is a significant concern.
  • Checklists and professional guidelines are proposed to enhance safety.

Conclusions:

  • Office-based anesthesia can be as safe as ambulatory surgery centers or hospitals with appropriate measures.
  • Key elements for safety include educated patients, regulators, and physicians, alongside trained personnel and adequate facilities.
  • Physician credentialing for office procedures should align with hospital privileges.