Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Bernoulli's Principle: Applications

Bernoulli's Principle: Applications

There are many devices and situations in which fluid flows at a constant height and so can be analyzed using Bernoulli's principle. These devices include, but are not limited to, entrainment devices and fluid flow measuring devices.
Entrainment devices use a high fluid speed to create low pressures and, thus, entrain one fluid into another. Some examples of these devices are given below:

Design Example: Application of Archimedes' Principle

Design Example: Application of Archimedes' Principle

Archimedes' principle is fundamental in analyzing the buoyant force and stability of floating bodies. In this example, a wooden block with a rectangular section floats in seawater. Based on the block's dimensions, its specific gravity and the specific weight of seawater are used to find the volume of water displaced and the center of buoyancy.
The volume of seawater displaced by the block is determined by first calculating the block's weight. This is done by multiplying the...

The Uncertainty Principle

The Uncertainty Principle

Werner Heisenberg considered the limits of how accurately one can measure properties of an electron or other microscopic particles. He determined that there is a fundamental limit to how accurately one can measure both a particle’s position and its momentum simultaneously. The more accurate the measurement of the momentum of a particle is known, the less accurate the position at that time is known and vice versa. This is what is now called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. He...

Hardy-Weinberg Principle

Hardy-Weinberg Principle

Diploid organisms have two alleles of each gene, one from each parent, in their somatic cells. Therefore, each individual contributes two alleles to the gene pool of the population. The gene pool of a population is the sum of every allele of all genes within that population and has some degree of variation. Genetic variation is typically expressed as a relative frequency, which is the percentage of the total population that has a given allele, genotype or phenotype.

The Pauli Exclusion Principle

The Pauli Exclusion Principle

The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom is called its electron configuration. We describe an electron configuration with a symbol that contains three pieces of information:

Leaky Scanning

Leaky Scanning

During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Structural basis for phosphorylation and allosteric regulation of bacterial glycogen phosphorylase by histidine phosphocarrier protein.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

Correction: Gupta et al. Androgen Receptor Activation Induces Senescence in Thyroid Cancer Cells. <i>Cancers</i> 2023, <i>15</i>, 2198.

Cancers·2024

Same author

Can Galectin-3 Be a Novel Biomarker in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia?

Cells·2024

Same author

Androgen Receptor Activation Induces Senescence in Thyroid Cancer Cells.

Cancers·2023

Same author

MicroRNA-133a-Dependent Inhibition of Proximal Tubule Angiotensinogen by Renal TNF (Tumor Necrosis Factor).

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)·2020

Same author

Berberine affects mitochondrial activity and cell growth of leukemic cells from chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients.

Scientific reports·2020

Same journal

Mapping the 3D Chromosome Organization of a Biosynthetic Gene Cluster by Capture Hi-C (CHi-C).

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026

Same journal

Mapping the 3D Chromosome Organization of Streptomyces by Hi-C.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026

Same journal

CUT&Tag Epigenomic Profiling of Biosynthetic Gene Clusters in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026

Same journal

Rhizobium rhizogenes-Mediated Hairy Root Transformation Protocol for Lotus japonicus and Other Legumes.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026

Same journal

Characterization of Bioactive Saponins from Sea Cucumbers.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026

Same journal

Methods for Functional Validation of Terpenoid Metabolic Clusters in Nicotiana benthamiana and Aspergillus oryzae.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Using Laser Scanning Microscopy to Determine Electromigration in Molybdenum Disilicide

Using Laser Scanning Microscopy to Determine Electromigration in Molybdenum Disilicide

Published on: May 23, 2025

Laser scanning cytometry: principles and applications-an update.

Piotr Pozarowski¹, Elena Holden, Zbigniew Darzynkiewicz

¹The Brander Cancer Research Institute, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|October 3, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The laser scanning cytometer (LSC) offers advanced cell analysis beyond flow cytometry (FCM). This review highlights LSC

More Related Videos

Laser-scanning Photostimulation of Optogenetically Targeted Forebrain Circuits

Laser-scanning Photostimulation of Optogenetically Targeted Forebrain Circuits

Published on: December 27, 2013

Mapping Inhibitory Neuronal Circuits by Laser Scanning Photostimulation

Mapping Inhibitory Neuronal Circuits by Laser Scanning Photostimulation

Published on: October 6, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Using Laser Scanning Microscopy to Determine Electromigration in Molybdenum Disilicide

Using Laser Scanning Microscopy to Determine Electromigration in Molybdenum Disilicide

Published on: May 23, 2025

Laser-scanning Photostimulation of Optogenetically Targeted Forebrain Circuits

Laser-scanning Photostimulation of Optogenetically Targeted Forebrain Circuits

Published on: December 27, 2013

Mapping Inhibitory Neuronal Circuits by Laser Scanning Photostimulation

Mapping Inhibitory Neuronal Circuits by Laser Scanning Photostimulation

Published on: October 6, 2011

Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Cytometry
Microscopy

Background:

Flow cytometry (FCM) has limitations in detailed cellular analysis.
Laser scanning cytometry (LSC) provides unique capabilities as a microscope-based cytofluorometer.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the attributes and diverse applications of LSC.
To compare LSC with FCM, discussing advantages and limitations.

Main Methods:

Review of LSC capabilities and applications.
Comparative analysis of LSC and FCM.

Main Results:

LSC enables assessment of chromatin condensation, factor translocation (NF-κB, p53), micronuclei scoring, FISH analysis, organelle enumeration, clonogenicity assays, immunophenotyping, and in situ kinetic studies.
LSC is applicable to tissue sections and hypocellular samples, offering imaging and time-resolved analyses.

Conclusions:

LSC provides a wide array of analytical parameters and applications not available with FCM.
LSC presents significant advantages for various research and clinical applications.