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Updated: May 18, 2026
09:15
Electrochemiluminescence Assays for Human Islet Autoantibodies
Published on: March 23, 2018
Extrapancreatic autoantibody profiles in type I diabetes
Peter D Burbelo1, Evan E Lebovitz, Kathleen E Bren
1Neurobiology and Pain Therapeutics Section, Laboratory of Sensory Biology, and National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. burbelop@nidcr.nih.gov
Plos One
|October 3, 2012
Summary
New research reveals diverse autoantibody profiles in Type I diabetes (T1D). Autoantibodies against organ-specific targets, like gastric ATPase, appear early, suggesting potential for improved T1D management and prediction.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Endocrinology
- Autoimmune Diseases
Background:
- Type I diabetes (T1D) involves autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta-cells.
- Known islet autoantigens are insufficient to explain the full spectrum of T1D autoimmunity.
- Comprehensive autoantibody profiling is needed to understand T1D pathogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the breadth and spectrum of autoantibody targets in T1D using advanced antibody profiling.
- To investigate the presence and significance of organ-specific autoantibodies in T1D patients.
- To assess the utility of autoantibody profiles for clinical management and early detection of T1D.
Main Methods:
- Utilized luciferase immunoprecipitation systems (LIPS) antibody profiling technology.
- Analyzed autoantibody responses against islet cell autoantigens and organ-specific targets in multiple cohorts.
- Employed heatmap analysis to identify subgroups based on autoantibody profiles.
Main Results:
- Identified autoantibodies against gastric ATPase, thyroid peroxidase, and tissue transglutaminase in a subset of T1D subjects.
- Observed heterogeneity in autoantibody responses, including against ZnT8 variants.
- Found that organ-specific autoantibodies often appeared independently of islet autoantibodies and could precede T1D onset.
Conclusions:
- Autoantibody profiles in T1D are diverse, encompassing both islet and organ-specific targets.
- Organ-specific autoantibodies, such as anti-gastric ATPase, may serve as early biomarkers for T1D risk.
- Comprehensive autoantibody profiling holds promise for enhancing T1D clinical management and prediction.
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