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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their access...
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell Regulation of Macrophage Phagocytosis; Quantitation and Imaging
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Mesenchymal stem cells repress Th17 molecular program through the PD-1 pathway.

Patricia Luz-Crawford1, Danièle Noël, Ximena Fernandez

  • 1Inserm, U 844, Montpellier, France.

Plos One
|October 3, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) selectively suppress mature Th17 cells via cell-to-cell contact, upregulating PD-L1. This mechanism highlights MSCs

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit potent immunomodulatory properties.
  • MSC effects on T-cell subsets, particularly Th17 cells, are complex and context-dependent.
  • Understanding MSC-mediated T-cell suppression is crucial for therapeutic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the specific suppressive effects of MSCs on Th1 and Th17 T-cell subsets.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying MSC-mediated suppression of Th17 cells.
  • To determine the role of cell contact and soluble factors in MSC immunomodulation.

Main Methods:

  • Co-culture of MSCs with differentiating and mature Th1 and Th17 cells.
  • Transwell assays to differentiate between soluble factor-mediated and cell contact-dependent effects.
  • Analysis of T-cell proliferation, differentiation, and cytokine production (e.g., IL-17).
  • Assessment of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression on MSCs and its role using neutralizing antibodies.

Main Results:

  • MSCs inhibited T-cell proliferation during Th1 differentiation.
  • MSCs reduced the number of differentiating Th17 cells via soluble factors.
  • MSC-mediated suppression of mature Th17 cell function required cell-to-cell contact.
  • PD-L1 expression on MSCs was upregulated upon co-culture with Th1 and Th17 cells.
  • PD-L1/PD-1 pathway was essential for MSC-mediated suppression of mature Th17 cells.

Conclusions:

  • MSCs employ distinct mechanisms to suppress Th1 and Th17 cells.
  • Cell-to-cell contact, mediated by PD-L1 upregulation, is critical for MSCs to suppress mature Th17 cells.
  • These findings offer insights into targeted immunomodulation strategies using MSCs.