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Manometric characteristics of glossopalatal sphincter
R O Dantas1, W J Dodds, B T Massey
1Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226.
Digestive Diseases and Sciences
|February 1, 1990
Summary
The glossopalatal sphincter (GPS), formed by the tongue and palate, prevents food from entering the throat. This study shows the GPS relaxes during swallowing, allowing food passage.
Area of Science:
- Physiology
- Gastroenterology
- Biomechanics
Background:
- The posterior tongue and soft palate play a crucial role in preventing premature bolus spillage during oral liquid transport.
- This coordinated action creates a seal, functionally acting as a glossopalatal sphincter (GPS).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the biomechanical and physiological characteristics of glossopalatal closure.
- To validate the hypothesis that the glossopalatal closure functions as a physiological sphincter.
Main Methods:
- Concurrent manometric and radiographic recordings were obtained during barium swallows in healthy volunteers.
- Manometry utilized both continuous pull and stationary ribbon catheter techniques with multi-sideholes.
- Radiography provided visualization of the glossopalatal interaction during bolus transit.
Main Results:
- A high-pressure zone was consistently observed at the glossopalatal junction when a liquid bolus was held in the mouth.
- This pressure zone was asymmetric, with higher pressures recorded towards the tongue and palate.
- Upon initiation of swallowing, the glossopalatal sphincter high-pressure zone relaxed, allowing the bolus to move into the oropharynx.
Conclusions:
- The glossopalatal sphincter (GPS) demonstrates characteristics of a physiological sphincter.
- It generates a sustained high-pressure seal to prevent premature oral spillage.
- The GPS relaxes and opens during the pharyngeal phase of swallowing.