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Updated: May 18, 2026

Assessment and Communication for People with Disorders of Consciousness
07:37

Assessment and Communication for People with Disorders of Consciousness

Published on: August 1, 2017

Brain-computer interfaces for communication with nonresponsive patients.

Lorina Naci1, Martin M Monti, Damian Cruse

  • 1The Brain and Mind Institute, Department of Psychology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada. lorina.clare@gmail.com

Annals of Neurology
|October 5, 2012
PubMed
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Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) offer communication for patients in a vegetative state (VS) by detecting brain activity. Further development is needed to overcome technical and clinical challenges for these nonresponsive populations.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Severe brain injury survivors often enter a vegetative state (VS), characterized by wakefulness without awareness.
  • Some VS patients exhibit command-following abilities through willful brain activity modulation, detectable via neuroimaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current state of brain-computer interface (BCI) research for behaviorally nonresponsive patients.
  • To propose future development directions for BCI systems to enable communication in VS populations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of noninvasive neuroimaging technologies applied to BCI development.
  • Analysis of existing BCI research in the context of vegetative state patients.

Main Results:

  • Neuroimaging reveals that some VS patients can respond to commands by modulating brain activity.

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  • BCIs show potential to enable communication for behaviorally nonresponsive individuals.

    • Conclusions:

    • BCIs can potentially improve quality of life for VS patients and their families.
    • Significant technical and clinical challenges must be addressed for widespread BCI implementation in nonresponsive populations.