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Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).
Dementia l: Introduction01:22

Dementia l: Introduction

Dementia is an acquired, progressive syndrome characterized by a decline in multiple cognitive domains severe enough to impair daily functioning and reduce independence. Although memory loss is a central feature, the diagnosis requires additional deficits involving language, executive function, visuospatial skills, judgment, calculation, or abstract reasoning. These cognitive impairments reflect underlying neurodegenerative or vascular processes that gradually disrupt neuronal networks...
Dementia01:30

Dementia

Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual.

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Hybrid PET/MRI Imaging of Alzheimer's Disease Based on 18F-AV-1451
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Hybrid PET/MRI Imaging of Alzheimer's Disease Based on 18F-AV-1451

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Neuroimaging in dementias.

Leonardo Cruz de Souza1, Stéphane Lehéricy, Bruno Dubois

  • 1Alzheimer and Memory Institute; Research and Resource Memory Centre, AP-HP, Paris, France. leocruzsouza@hotmail.com

Current Opinion in Psychiatry
|October 6, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neuroimaging tools are crucial for diagnosing dementias like Alzheimer's disease. Advanced techniques like MRI and PET scans help identify neural damage and amyloid plaques, improving early diagnosis and patient outcomes.

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Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia
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Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia
09:17

Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia

Published on: November 6, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Historically, neuroimaging in dementia evaluation focused on excluding neurosurgical lesions.
  • Modern neuroimaging plays a vital role in diagnosing Alzheimer's disease and other cortical dementias.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review the application of neuroimaging tools in the clinical diagnosis of dementias.
  • To highlight the evolving role of neuroimaging beyond lesion exclusion.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on neuroimaging techniques for dementia diagnosis.
  • Analysis of data regarding the utility of MRI, FDG-PET, SPECT, and amyloid PET.

Main Results:

  • Neuroimaging, including MRI and PET scans (FDG-PET, SPECT), identifies characteristic patterns of neural damage in dementias.
  • Amyloid PET enables in-vivo assessment of amyloid burden, a key pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease.
  • These tools move beyond excluding other conditions to actively characterizing neurodegenerative processes.

Conclusions:

  • Combining neuroimaging with clinical, neuropsychological, and cerebrospinal fluid markers enhances diagnostic specificity for Alzheimer's disease, even in early stages.
  • Future advancements in standardized and validated imaging markers will likely increase their clinical application for dementias.