Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this information.
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the cerebellum's...
Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System01:15

Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System

The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep brain...
Functional Brain Systems: Reticular Formation01:13

Functional Brain Systems: Reticular Formation

The reticular formation is a complex network of gray and white matter located within the brainstem extending from the medulla to the midbrain.
Within the reticular formation, there are several distinct nuclei that can be classified into three broad categories. The Raphe nuclei are located along the midline of the brainstem. They are primarily known for their role in synthesizing and releasing serotonin, a neurotransmitter involved in regulating mood, appetite, sleep, and circadian rhythms. The...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Prediction modeling in transdiagnostic risk: results from the PROCAN study.

Brain imaging and behavior·2026
Same author

Brain Health from Sleep EEG: A Multicohort, Deep Learning Biomarker for Cognition, Disease, and Mortality.

NEJM AI·2026
Same author

Sleep and wake markers of thalamocortical functioning in early-course psychosis and first-degree relatives.

Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)·2026
Same author

Intact sleep-dependent memory consolidation of auditory statistical learning among young adults with ADHD.

Research in developmental disabilities·2026
Same author

Auditory-evoked changes in slow oscillations and spindles correlate with memory consolidation in children with epilepsy and controls.

Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology·2025
Same author

Cognitive modes underlying attentional control deficits in schizophrenia: A functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study.

Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging·2025
Same journal

Segmentation of the parasagittal dura mater on multi-center 3D-FLAIR MRI.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Spatial frequency channels implement a mental ruler in spatial vision.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Exploring the Link Between Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Measured Brain Diffusivity During Wakefulness and Sleep Macrostructure in the Elderly.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Closed-loop adaptation of transcranial magnetic stimulation intensity with electroencephalography feedback.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Volumetric postmortem MRI of the medial temporal lobe in Alzheimer's disease and related disorders: methodological advances and implications for in vivo biomarker development.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Neural responses to equity and inequity when receiving vicarious rewards for self and charity during adolescence.

NeuroImage·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity
10:43

Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity

Published on: July 1, 2014

Epoch-specific functional networks involved in working memory.

Todd S Woodward1, Eva Feredoes, Paul D Metzak

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. todd.woodward@ubc.ca

Neuroimage
|October 9, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Working memory involves distinct processes analyzed as functional networks. Multivariate analysis revealed novel insights into brain activity during memory tasks, including hippocampal involvement.

More Related Videos

Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain
05:55

Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain

Published on: October 13, 2023

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
09:01

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance

Published on: May 7, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity
10:43

Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity

Published on: July 1, 2014

Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain
05:55

Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain

Published on: October 13, 2023

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
09:01

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance

Published on: May 7, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Working memory (WM) is a complex cognitive function, not a single entity.
  • It involves distinct processes: encoding, maintenance, and response guidance.
  • Understanding WM requires analyzing functionally connected brain networks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze event-related fMRI data from a Sternberg WM task using a multivariate method.
  • To link functional networks to temporally-separated WM epochs.
  • To investigate the impact of varying delay epoch lengths on hemodynamic responses.

Main Methods:

  • Event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
  • Sternberg Item Recognition Paradigm.
  • Multivariate analysis linking functional networks to WM epochs.
  • Varying delay epoch lengths to isolate hemodynamic responses.

Main Results:

  • All extracted functional networks showed significant sensitivity to delay length.
  • Novel findings included hippocampal involvement during encoding/probe phases.
  • Decreased BOLD signal observed in the superior temporal gyrus (STG) and default-mode regions during encoding/delay.

Conclusions:

  • Multivariate network analysis reveals novel WM insights beyond univariate methods.
  • Hippocampal activity supports theories of WM activating long-term memory representations.
  • Observed BOLD signal decreases in STG may indicate repetition suppression effects.