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Related Concept Videos

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
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Published on: January 28, 2019

Tailoring a 67 attosecond pulse through advantageous phase-mismatch.

Kun Zhao1, Qi Zhang, Michael Chini

  • 1Department of Physics and CREOL, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA.

Optics Letters
|October 9, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Researchers generated a 67 attosecond (as) isolated pulse using extreme ultraviolet supercontinuum. This breakthrough in attosecond pulse generation offers precise control over ultrashort laser pulses for advanced research.

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Last Updated: May 18, 2026

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Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation
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Area of Science:

  • Ultrafast laser science
  • Attosecond physics
  • Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) generation

Background:

  • Generating isolated attosecond pulses is crucial for probing ultrafast dynamics.
  • Extreme ultraviolet supercontinua provide a broad spectral bandwidth for attosecond pulse synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compose a single isolated attosecond pulse with a duration of 67 attoseconds.
  • To utilize the double optical gating technique for generating an extreme UV supercontinuum.
  • To investigate methods for controlling attochirp within the generated spectrum.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of an extreme UV supercontinuum (55-130 eV) using the double optical gating technique.
  • Application of phase mismatch to exclude the unfavorable single-atom cutoff.
  • Compensation of positive attochirp using the negative dispersion of a zirconium foil.
  • Pulse retrieval using two algorithms: PROOF and FROG-CRAB.

Main Results:

  • Successful generation of a 67 attosecond isolated pulse.
  • Demonstration of attochirp control by excluding the single-atom cutoff and compensating the remaining spectrum.
  • Nearly identical pulse retrieval results from both PROOF and FROG-CRAB algorithms.

Conclusions:

  • The double optical gating technique combined with phase mismatch and dispersion compensation enables the generation of isolated attosecond pulses.
  • Accurate pulse retrieval is achievable with both PROOF and FROG-CRAB algorithms, validating the experimental results.