Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Association Areas of the Cortex

Association Areas of the Cortex

Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...

Vision

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Treatment of recurrent esophageal strictures with a paclitaxel-coated balloon dilator: initial United States experience.

Gastrointestinal endoscopy·2026

Same author

A family portrait of the genomic factors shaping tandem repeat mutagenesis.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

The selective dynamics of interruptions at short tandem repeats.

Genetics·2026

Same author

Correction of saccadic decisions during active visual search in the monkey.

Journal of vision·2026

Same author

The performance of genetic-constraint metrics varies significantly across the human noncoding genome.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

A circuit model for transsaccadic space updating and mislocalization.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025

Same journal

Chemotactic self-organization captures the dynamics of mammalian hair follicle patterning.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

Same journal

Tomographic imaging of superconducting order using particle-hole interference.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

Same journal

Inhibitory potential of autologous neutralizing antibodies sets quantitative limits on the rebound-competent HIV-1 reservoir.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

Same journal

Inferring epidemiological parameters under an infectious phylogeography model with visitor dynamics.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

Same journal

Analytical modeling for suction cup designs for skin-interfaced wearable devices.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

Same journal

Improving cell-free metabolism through direct integration of artificial respiratory chains.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Simultaneous Eye Tracking and Single-Neuron Recordings in Human Epilepsy Patients

Simultaneous Eye Tracking and Single-Neuron Recordings in Human Epilepsy Patients

Published on: June 17, 2019

Feature attention evokes task-specific pattern selectivity in V4 neurons.

Anna E Ipata¹, Angela L Gee, Michael E Goldberg

¹Department of Neuroscience, Kavli Neuroscience Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|October 9, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Visual area V4 neurons develop pattern selectivity when a task requires discrimination, but not for simple saccades. This task-dependent selectivity emerges after basic feature selectivity, suggesting a role in feature attention during visual search.

More Related Videos

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings

Published on: August 1, 2018

Stimulus-specific Cortical Visual Evoked Potential Morphological Patterns

Stimulus-specific Cortical Visual Evoked Potential Morphological Patterns

Published on: May 12, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Simultaneous Eye Tracking and Single-Neuron Recordings in Human Epilepsy Patients

Simultaneous Eye Tracking and Single-Neuron Recordings in Human Epilepsy Patients

Published on: June 17, 2019

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings

Published on: August 1, 2018

Stimulus-specific Cortical Visual Evoked Potential Morphological Patterns

Stimulus-specific Cortical Visual Evoked Potential Morphological Patterns

Published on: May 12, 2019

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Visual Perception
Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

Visual cortical neurons exhibit feature selectivity (e.g., color, orientation).
This selectivity is typically hard-wired and present early in neural responses.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if task demands influence pattern selectivity in V4 neurons.
To determine the temporal dynamics of pattern selectivity development in V4.

Main Methods:

Recorded V4 neuronal activity in monkeys performing two tasks: one requiring pattern discrimination and another requiring only spatial saccades.
Analyzed neuronal responses relative to stimulus presentation and saccade execution.

Main Results:

V4 neurons developed selectivity for a target pattern when monkeys discriminated between patterns.
This pattern selectivity was absent when monkeys performed a spatial saccade task without discrimination.
Task-dependent pattern selectivity emerged approximately 40 ms after basic feature selectivity (e.g., orientation).

Conclusions:

Task requirements, specifically discrimination, induce pattern selectivity in V4 neurons.
This late-developing selectivity is linked to feature attention mechanisms.
Findings suggest a neural basis for how the brain locates targets in visual search.