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Updated: May 17, 2026

Introductory Analysis and Validation of CUT&RUN Sequencing Data
Published on: December 13, 2024
COPE: an accurate k-mer-based pair-end reads connection tool to facilitate genome assembly
Binghang Liu1, Jianying Yuan, Siu-Ming Yiu
1HKU-BGI BAL-Bioinformatics Algorithms and Core Technology Research Laboratory, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Motivation:
The boost of next-generation sequencing technologies provides us with an unprecedented opportunity for elucidating genetic mysteries, yet the short-read length hinders us from better assembling the genome from scratch. New protocols now exist that can generate overlapping pair-end reads. By joining the 3' ends of each read pair, one is able to construct longer reads for assembling. However, effectively joining two overlapped pair-end reads remains a challenging task.
Result:
In this article, we present an efficient tool called Connecting Overlapped Pair-End (COPE) reads, to connect overlapping pair-end reads using k-mer frequencies. We evaluated our tool on 30× simulated pair-end reads from Arabidopsis thaliana with 1% base error. COPE connected over 99% of reads with 98.8% accuracy, which is, respectively, 10 and 2% higher than the recently published tool FLASH. When COPE is applied to real reads for genome assembly, the resulting contigs are found to have fewer errors and give a 14-fold improvement in the N50 measurement when compared with the contigs produced using unconnected reads.
Availability And Implementation:
COPE is implemented in C++ and is freely available as open-source code at ftp://ftp.genomics.org.cn/pub/cope.
Contact:
twlam@cs.hku.hk or luoruibang@genomics.org.cn
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