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Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.

Histone Modification

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...

Histone Modification

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying DNA...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Enhanced Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing for Assessment of DNA Methylation at Base Pair Resolution

Enhanced Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing for Assessment of DNA Methylation at Base Pair Resolution

Published on: February 24, 2015

Detecting epigenetic changes: DNA methylation.

L Broday¹, M Costa

¹New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.

Current Protocols in Toxicology

|October 10, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study details methods for evaluating DNA methylation, covering overall levels, methyltransferase activity, and gene-specific patterns. These techniques help analyze chromatin condensation and epigenetic modifications.

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Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Enhanced Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing for Assessment of DNA Methylation at Base Pair Resolution

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Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation

Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation

Published on: January 2, 2009

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Epigenetics
Biochemistry

Background:

DNA methylation is a critical epigenetic mechanism regulating gene expression.
Aberrant DNA methylation patterns are associated with various diseases, including cancer.
Understanding DNA methylation requires robust and versatile assessment methods.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a comprehensive set of protocols for assessing DNA methylation.
To enable the measurement of overall DNA methylation, DNA methyltransferase (MTase) activity, and gene-specific methylation.
To provide methods for analyzing chromatin condensation patterns.

Main Methods:

Assays for quantifying global DNA methylation levels.
Enzymatic assays to measure DNA methyltransferase (MTase) activity.
Techniques for determining gene-specific DNA methylation.
Methods for assessing chromatin condensation.

Main Results:

Established protocols for comprehensive DNA methylation analysis.
Validated assays for MTase activity and gene-specific methylation.
Demonstrated methods for correlating methylation with chromatin structure.

Conclusions:

The provided protocols offer a versatile toolkit for epigenetic research.
Accurate assessment of DNA methylation is crucial for understanding gene regulation.
These methods facilitate the study of epigenetic alterations in health and disease.