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Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

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Improving older adults' memory performance using prior task success.

Lisa Geraci¹, Tyler M Miller¹

¹Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University.

Psychology and Aging

|October 17, 2012

Summary

Negative stereotypes about aging can impair older adults' memory. A single successful cognitive task experience improved memory recall and reduced anxiety in older adults, suggesting a way to counter age-related memory decline.

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Area of Science:

Psychology
Cognitive Neuroscience
Gerontology

Background:

Negative stereotypes associated with aging can negatively impact cognitive functions, particularly memory performance in older adults.
Pre-existing beliefs about age-related cognitive decline may create performance expectations that hinder actual memory capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate whether a successful prior cognitive task experience can mitigate the negative effects of aging stereotypes on memory performance in older adults.
To examine the impact of prior task success on memory recall and anxiety levels in both younger and older adults.

Main Methods:

Participants (younger and older adults) were assigned to one of three conditions before a memory experiment: successful prior task completion, unsuccessful prior task completion, or no prior task.
Memory performance was assessed through recall tests, and self-reported anxiety levels were measured.

Main Results:

Older adults who successfully completed a prior cognitive task demonstrated significantly higher memory recall compared to those in the other conditions.
Older adults in the prior task success group reported significantly lower anxiety levels.
Prior task experience did not significantly affect memory performance in younger adults.

Conclusions:

A single successful cognitive task experience can improve memory performance in older adults.
Interventions aimed at fostering a sense of competence and success may help counteract negative stereotypes and enhance cognitive function in aging populations.
These findings highlight the malleability of age-related cognitive performance and the potential for targeted interventions.