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An Ex vivo Assay to Study Candida albicans Hyphal Morphogenesis in the Gastrointestinal Tract
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Systemic mycoses in immunodepressed patients (AIDS).

Marcia Ramos-e-Silva1, Cíntia Maria Oliveira Lima, Regina Casz Schechtman

  • 1Sector of Dermatology and Graduate Course in Dermatology, University Hospital and School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Dona Mariana 143/C-32, 22280-020 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. ramos.e.silva@dermato.med.br

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Summary

Skin diseases are common in HIV patients, worsening with immune decline. Antiretroviral therapy improves survival and quality of life for those with HIV/AIDS and systemic mycoses.

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Skin conditions affect nearly all individuals with HIV, increasing in severity as immune function declines.
  • Cutaneous manifestations serve as key indicators of immune status in patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).
  • Highly effective antiretroviral therapy has dramatically improved prognoses for AIDS-associated diseases, including mycoses, leading to longer survival and better quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review common systemic mycoses in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive population.
  • To detail the causative agents, transmission, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and therapy of these mycoses in immunocompromised patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on systemic mycoses in HIV/AIDS patients.
  • Compilation of information on specific fungal infections: cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, blastomycosis, paracoccidioidomycosis, sporotrichosis, penicilliosis, and aspergillosis.

Main Results:

  • Systemic mycoses are prevalent in HIV/AIDS patients, with their severity linked to immune status.
  • Effective antiretroviral therapy significantly alters the disease course and prognosis of these infections.
  • The review covers etiological agents, transmission routes, clinical features, diagnostic methods, and therapeutic strategies relevant to immunocompromised individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Systemic mycoses represent a significant health concern for individuals with HIV/AIDS.
  • Understanding the specific characteristics of these fungal infections in immunocompromised hosts is crucial for effective management.
  • Advances in antiretroviral therapy have improved outcomes, but continued vigilance and appropriate treatment are essential.