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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility, suggesting a...
Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis01:25

Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis

Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops gradually and is often asymptomatic in early stages.Clinical ManifestationsWhen symptoms appear, they include fatigue, blurred vision, pruritus, delayed wound healing, and recurrent infections, particularly candidal infections. Peripheral neuropathy may present as numbness or tingling in the extremities. Classic hyperglycemia symptoms—polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia—are less common. Most patients are overweight and frequently have associated hypertension...
Hyperglycemia01:29

Hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia is an abnormally high blood glucose level. It is diagnosed by fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (or OGTT) ≥200 mg/dL, random glucose ≥200 mg/dL with symptoms, or HbA1c ≥6.5%. However, HbA1c results may be unreliable in certain conditions, such as anemia or hemoglobinopathies, and the diagnosis should be confirmed unless classic symptoms are present. Postprandial hyperglycemia is typically considered significant when glucose levels exceed 180 mg/dL two...
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is based on...
Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Monitoring Blood Glucose in Mouse Offspring After Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection
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[Diabetes in pregnancy - postpartum screening].

Ana Carocha1, Cláudia Rijo, Njila Amaral

  • 1Serviço de Obstetrícia, Maternidade Dr. Alfredo da Costa, Lisboa, Portugal.

Acta Medica Portuguesa
|October 17, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) screening identifies women at higher risk for postpartum diabetes. Older, heavier, and multiparous women with a family history of diabetes and prior macrosomia are more likely to have abnormal postpartum screening results.

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A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19

Published on: July 5, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Context:

  • Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects a significant portion of pregnancies.
  • A substantial number of women with GDM progress to postpartum diabetes or impaired glucose metabolism.
  • Effective postpartum screening is crucial for early detection and management of these conditions.

Purpose:

  • To evaluate the rate of postpartum screening completion in women with a history of GDM.
  • To identify maternal history factors associated with abnormal postpartum glucose metabolism screening results.
  • To understand the clinical implications of abnormal postpartum screening in GDM patients.

Summary:

  • This retrospective study analyzed 1013 pregnancies with GDM, assessing postpartum screening rates and outcomes.
  • Women with abnormal postpartum screening were older, had higher BMI, a family history of diabetes, prior macrosomia, and required earlier GDM diagnosis and insulin therapy.
  • Abnormal screening was also linked to higher rates of multiparity and delivering large-for-gestational-age newborns.

Impact:

  • Identifies key risk factors for postpartum diabetes in women with GDM, enabling targeted screening and intervention.
  • Highlights the importance of comprehensive maternal history in predicting postpartum glucose intolerance.
  • Informs clinical practice for better management of women with GDM, potentially reducing long-term diabetes complications.