Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Equine Enteric Glial Culture and Application to the Study of a Neural Inflammatory Mechanism in Equine Colic
08:07

Equine Enteric Glial Culture and Application to the Study of a Neural Inflammatory Mechanism in Equine Colic

Published on: October 4, 2024

Iatrogenic extracellular matrix disruption as a local trigger for postoperative ileus

Johannes Chang1, Sven Wehner, Nico Schäfer

  • 1Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

The Journal of Surgical Research
|October 20, 2012
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) and hyaluronan contribute to postoperative ileus by disrupting the extracellular matrix. Inhibiting MMP-9 may offer a new treatment for this condition.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Inflammation Research
  • Surgical Complications

Background:

  • Matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) actively disrupts the extracellular matrix (ECM), contributing to inflammatory disorders.
  • Postoperative ileus involves intestinal inflammation, potentially triggered by MMP-9 and hyaluronan, an ECM breakdown product.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the inflammatory role of MMP-9 and hyaluronan in triggering postoperative ileus.
  • To explore the potential of MMP-9 inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for postoperative ileus.

Main Methods:

  • Standardized intestinal surgery in rats to induce ileus, assessed via fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran transit assay.
  • Analysis of intestinal muscularis for mRNA expression of IL-6, MMP-9, and CD44.
  • Quantification of peritoneal MMP-9 activity, peritoneal fluid and serum hyaluronan, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 using zymography and ELISA.
  • Culture of peritoneal macrophages stimulated with postsurgical peritoneal fluid or hyaluronan to assess IL-6 and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α release.

Main Results:

  • Surgical manipulation significantly delayed intestinal transit.
  • Induced expression of IL-6, MMP-9, and CD44 mRNAs in jejunal and colonic muscularis.
  • Elevated MMP-9 activity, hyaluronan, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 in peritoneal fluid and serum.
  • Postsurgical peritoneal fluid and hyaluronan stimulated peritoneal macrophages to release higher levels of IL-6 and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α.

Conclusions:

  • MMP-9-mediated ECM disruption and hyaluronan release, coupled with CD44 receptor induction, can initiate proinflammatory cascades causing postoperative ileus.
  • Matrix metallopeptidase 9 inhibition presents a promising therapeutic avenue for managing postoperative ileus.

More Related Videos

Postoperative Ileus Murine Model04:26

Postoperative Ileus Murine Model

Published on: July 12, 2024

Visualization of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Mesenteric Venules After Mesenteric Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Intravital Microscopy07:05

Visualization of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Mesenteric Venules After Mesenteric Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Intravital Microscopy

Published on: September 27, 2024

Related Concept Videos

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology01:07

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Acute Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology01:21

Acute Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis centers on injury to pancreatic acinar cells, which initiates a cascade of harmful intracellular events.This injury leads to premature activation of trypsinogen to trypsin in the pancreas. Trypsin then activates other digestive enzymes, such as chymotrypsin, elastase, and phospholipase A2, which begin breaking down pancreatic tissue. The resulting autodigestion causes local inflammation, tissue swelling, hemorrhage, and fat necrosis.Injured acinar cells...
Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
The Extracellular Matrix01:42

The Extracellular Matrix

Overview
The Extracellular Matrix01:29

The Extracellular Matrix

Overview
In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.
Composition of the Extracellular Matrix
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse...