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Related Concept Videos

ABC Transporters: Importer01:27

ABC Transporters: Importer

ATP-binding cassette or ABC transporters are a class of ATP-driven pumps that hydrolyze ATP to move solutes across the membrane. They can be grouped into importers and exporters. While exporters are present in all domains of life, importers exist only in bacteria and some plants.
In bacteria, based on the number of transmembrane helices and the chemical nature of their substrates, the ABC importers can be divided into three types:
ABC Transporters: Exporter01:31

ABC Transporters: Exporter

ATP-binding cassette or ABC transporter is the largest superfamily of integral membrane proteins. The transporters have transmembrane-binding domains (TMDs) and nucleotide-binding domains (NBDs). The TMDs are specific to their substrates, whereas the NBDs are similar to engines that complete ATP hydrolysis to complete the substrate transport. They can be full transporters consisting of two TMDs and NBDs, half transporters with one TMD and NBD, while some encoded with a single TMD or NBD are...
Facilitated Transport01:19

Facilitated Transport

The chemical and physical properties of plasma membranes cause them to be selectively permeable. Since plasma membranes have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions, substances need to be able to transverse both regions. The hydrophobic area of membranes repels substances such as charged ions. Therefore, such substances need special membrane proteins to cross a membrane successfully. In  facilitated transport, also known as facilitated diffusion, molecules and ions travel across a membrane via...
Facilitated Transport01:19

Facilitated Transport

The chemical and physical properties of plasma membranes cause them to be selectively permeable. Since plasma membranes have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions, substances need to be able to transverse both regions. The hydrophobic area of membranes repels substances such as charged ions. Therefore, such substances need special membrane proteins to cross a membrane successfully. In  facilitated transport, also known as facilitated diffusion, molecules and ions travel across a membrane via...
Facilitated Transport01:19

Facilitated Transport

The chemical and physical properties of plasma membranes cause them to be selectively permeable. Since plasma membranes have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions, substances need to be able to transverse both regions. The hydrophobic area of membranes repels substances such as charged ions. Therefore, such substances need special membrane proteins to cross a membrane successfully. In  facilitated transport, also known as facilitated diffusion, molecules and ions travel across a membrane via...
Short-distance Transport of Resources02:12

Short-distance Transport of Resources

Short-distance transport refers to transport that occurs over a distance of just 2-3 cells, crossing the plasma membrane in the process. Small uncharged molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water, can diffuse across the plasma membrane on their own. In contrast, ions and larger molecules require the assistance of transport proteins due to their charge or size. Transport across membranes also occurs within individual cells, playing a variety of essential roles for the plant as a whole.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

The ITS2 Database
16:17

The ITS2 Database

Published on: March 12, 2012

Highlights from the International Transporter Consortium second workshop.

M J Zamek-Gliszczynski1, K A Hoffmaster, D J Tweedie

  • 1Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. m_zamek-gliszczynski@lilly.com

Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
|October 23, 2012
PubMed
Summary

The Second International Transporter Consortium workshop focused on drug transporter challenges and regulatory guidance. Key outcomes include updated recommendations for transporter-drug interactions and case study evaluations.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology and Drug Development
  • Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background:

  • The Second International Transporter Consortium (ITC) workshop convened to build upon prior recommendations and address emerging challenges in drug development.
  • Discussions centered on recent draft guidance concerning transporter-drug interactions and their impact on pharmaceutical research.

Framework:

  • The workshop aimed to expand the scope to include clinically relevant transporters such as MATEs, MRP2, and BSEP.
  • Best-practice methodologies for assessing transporter roles in drug disposition were a key focus.

Implementation:

  • A critical component involved re-evaluating existing ITC decision trees using real-world case studies.
  • This practical application aimed to refine strategies for predicting transporter-mediated drug effects.

Implications:

  • The workshop's findings will be disseminated through a series of white papers in 2013.
  • These publications are expected to guide regulatory approaches and enhance transporter-focused drug development strategies.