Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Three-Dimensional Microscopy in Microbiology01:28

Three-Dimensional Microscopy in Microbiology

Three-dimensional imaging techniques are essential in cell biology, allowing researchers to visualize intricate cellular structures with high resolution. Two prominent methods, Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy (DIC) and Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy (CSLM), provide distinct advantages for imaging live and thick specimens, respectively.Differential Interference Contrast MicroscopyDIC microscopy enhances contrast in transparent, unstained samples by converting phase...
Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy01:16

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...
Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy01:37

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy

Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) provides a better resolution than conventional fluorescence microscopy by reducing the point spread function (PSF). PSF is the light intensity distribution from a point that causes it to appear blurred. Due to PSF, each fluorescing point appears bigger than its actual size, and it is the PSF interference of nearby fluorophores that causes the blurred image. Various approaches to achieving higher resolution through SRFM have recently been developed.
Two-Dimensional Microscopy in Microbiology01:29

Two-Dimensional Microscopy in Microbiology

Two-dimensional (2D) microscopy encompasses a range of optical techniques that capture images within a single focal plane, offering detailed representations of microscopic structures. These techniques are essential in biological and medical research, enabling the visualization of cellular and subcellular structures with different levels of contrast and specificity.There are several major types of 2D microscopy, each with strengths and applications.Bright-Field MicroscopyBright-field microscopy...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Element release from lead crystal ware and metallic hip flasks.

Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment·2024
Same author

MINFLUX reveals dynein stepping in live neurons.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2024
Same author

4Pi MINFLUX arrangement maximizes spatio-temporal localization precision of fluorescence emitter.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2024
Same author

4-Aminobenzoic acid, 2-phenoxyethanol and iodine used as tracers in a short-term in vivo-kinetics study for tattoo ink ingredients: Mass spectrometry method development and validation.

Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences·2023
Same author

Integrating satellite and sensor measurements to understand urban air quality: case study of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in AsunciĂłn, Paraguay.

EM (Pittsburgh, Pa.)·2023
Same author

Peat and disinfectant powder used in swine husbandry systems - quantification of oral intake using toxic metals as potential markers.

Archives of animal nutrition·2023
Same journal

Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

Modeling Melanoma Immune Surveillance by CAR-T Cells in Human Skin Organoids.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

Stepwise Optimization of a Matrigel-Based In Vitro Angiogenesis Assay for Reproducible and Quantifiable 2D-Tube Formation Using HUVECs.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

Quantifying Mechanical Properties of Fresh Ovarian Tissue with Optical Brillouin Microscopy.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

3D Chromatin Architecture During Early Development: New Methods and New Findings.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

Metabolic Plasticity in Embryogenesis Throughout the Lens of NAD<sup></sup>.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

4D Imaging of Protein Aggregation in Live Cells
08:59

4D Imaging of Protein Aggregation in Live Cells

Published on: April 5, 2013

4Pi Microscopy.

Roman Schmidt1, Johann Engelhardt, Marion Lang

  • 1Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany. rschmid3@gwdg.de

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|October 23, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

4Pi microscopy enhances optical microscopy

More Related Videos

4D Microscopy of Yeast
12:00

4D Microscopy of Yeast

Published on: April 28, 2019

Visualization of Endosome Dynamics in Living Nerve Terminals with Four-dimensional Fluorescence Imaging
10:51

Visualization of Endosome Dynamics in Living Nerve Terminals with Four-dimensional Fluorescence Imaging

Published on: April 16, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2026

4D Imaging of Protein Aggregation in Live Cells
08:59

4D Imaging of Protein Aggregation in Live Cells

Published on: April 5, 2013

4D Microscopy of Yeast
12:00

4D Microscopy of Yeast

Published on: April 28, 2019

Visualization of Endosome Dynamics in Living Nerve Terminals with Four-dimensional Fluorescence Imaging
10:51

Visualization of Endosome Dynamics in Living Nerve Terminals with Four-dimensional Fluorescence Imaging

Published on: April 16, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Life Sciences
  • Optical Microscopy
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Optical microscopy is crucial for visualizing cellular structures and molecules.
  • Current limitations in 3D resolution, particularly along the optic axis, hinder detailed cellular analysis.
  • Fluorescent tagging allows precise molecular localization within cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce the principles and application of 4Pi microscopy.
  • To provide guidance for designing and operating a Type A 4Pi microscope.
  • To address the limitations of axial resolution in conventional optical microscopy.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizes coherent focusing through two objective lenses.
  • Implements principles of 4Pi microscopy for enhanced resolution.
  • Focuses on the design and operational aspects of a Type A 4Pi microscope.

Main Results:

  • Achieves a three- to fivefold improvement in axial resolution.
  • Overcomes the long-standing limitation of poor resolution along the optic axis.
  • Enables more precise 3D localization of molecules within cells.

Conclusions:

  • 4Pi microscopy significantly advances optical imaging capabilities.
  • This technique offers improved 3D resolution for life science research.
  • The primer serves as a foundational guide for implementing 4Pi microscopy.