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Related Concept Videos

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common, preventable, and treatable respiratory disorder characterized by persistent symptoms and progressive airflow limitation. This limitation results from a combination of small-airway disease (obstructive bronchiolitis) and parenchymal destruction (emphysema), both driven by chronic inflammation from exposure to harmful particles or gases.The disease includes two main pathological entities: emphysema, marked by destruction of alveolar walls and...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...

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Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure
08:17

Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure

Published on: August 25, 2017

Emerging genetics of COPD.

Annerose Berndt1, Adriana S Leme, Steven D Shapiro

  • 1Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA. anb128@pitt.edu

EMBO Molecular Medicine
|October 24, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers are uncovering the genetic underpinnings of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Genome-wide association studies are key to identifying genes and pathways involved in COPD development.

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Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure
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Published on: August 25, 2017

In Vitro Model for Studying Differentiation and Changes of Multi-Omics on Murine Airway Epithelial Cells Stimulated with Cigarette Smoke Extract
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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Genetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency was an early discovery linked to COPD.
  • Despite advances, the complete genetic basis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains largely unknown.
  • Genome-wide association (GWA) studies are crucial for identifying novel COPD-associated genes and pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the discovery of genetic variants associated with COPD phenotypes.
  • To discuss current approaches and findings in COPD genetic research.
  • To consider limitations and outline future directions in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on genetic association studies in COPD.
  • Analysis of findings from genome-wide association (GWA) studies.
  • Discussion of cross-study replication and meta-analysis techniques.

Main Results:

  • Most current knowledge of COPD candidate genes stems from GWA studies.
  • Replications and meta-analyses have significantly advanced understanding of COPD pathogenesis.
  • Various genetic variants have been identified in association with COPD phenotypes.

Conclusions:

  • Genome-wide association studies are essential for unbiased discovery of COPD-related genes.
  • Continued research, including advanced meta-analyses, is vital for a comprehensive understanding of COPD genetics.
  • Addressing current study limitations will pave the way for future discoveries in COPD pathogenesis.