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Related Concept Videos

Endocrine Signaling01:45

Endocrine Signaling

Endocrine cells produce hormones to communicate with remote target cells found in other organs. The hormone reaches these distant areas using the circulatory system. This exposes the whole organism to the hormone but only those cells expressing hormone receptors or target cells are affected. Thus, endocrine signaling induces slow responses from its target cells but these effects also last longer.
Endocrine Signaling01:45

Endocrine Signaling

Endocrine cells produce hormones to communicate with remote target cells found in other organs. The hormone reaches these distant areas using the circulatory system. This exposes the whole organism to the hormone but only those cells expressing hormone receptors or target cells are affected. Thus, endocrine signaling induces slow responses from its target cells but these effects also last longer.
Autocrine Signaling01:01

Autocrine Signaling

Autocrine signaling is one of the many signaling mechanisms that function inside multicellular organisms to carry out intercellular communication. In this type of signaling mechanism, the same cell that secretes an extracellular signaling molecule also expresses the receptors to bind and respond to that signaling molecule.
Autocrine Signaling in Macrophages
Under normal physiological conditions, autocrine signaling is essential for maintaining homeostasis. This process is well characterized in...
Autocrine Signaling01:01

Autocrine Signaling

Autocrine signaling is one of the many signaling mechanisms that function inside multicellular organisms to carry out intercellular communication. In this type of signaling mechanism, the same cell that secretes an extracellular signaling molecule also expresses the receptors to bind and respond to that signaling molecule.
Autocrine Signaling in Macrophages
Under normal physiological conditions, autocrine signaling is essential for maintaining homeostasis. This process is well characterized in...
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...

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Related Experiment Video

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Evaluation of Mammary Gland Development and Function in Mouse Models
08:51

Evaluation of Mammary Gland Development and Function in Mouse Models

Published on: July 21, 2011

Lactation Biology Symposium: lactocrine signaling and developmental programming.

F F Bartol1, A A Wiley, D J Miller

  • 1Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Cellular and Molecular Biosciences Program, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-5517, USA. bartoff@auburn.edu

Journal of Animal Science
|October 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Maternal lactocrine signaling, the transfer of factors from mother to offspring via nursing, is crucial for neonatal development. Disrupting this process in pigs significantly impacts reproductive tract development and gene expression.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Animal Science

Background:

  • Lactocrine signaling involves the transfer of bioactive factors from mother to offspring during nursing, supporting neonatal development.
  • Mammalian development relies on maternal resources postnatally, particularly during the colostrum feeding period.
  • The pig model (Sus scrofa domesticus) offers insights into lactocrine-mediated effects on reproductive and somatic tissue development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of lactocrine signaling in regulating uterine gland development and endometrial maturation in neonatal pigs.
  • To examine the impact of a lactocrine-null state on gene expression and reproductive tract development.
  • To determine the persistence of lactocrine-mediated effects on estrogen receptor-alpha (ESR1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA) expression.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental manipulation of lactocrine signaling by feeding milk-replacer to create a lactocrine-null state in neonatal gilts.
  • Analysis of endometrial gene expression patterns at specific postnatal days (PND 2 and PND 14).
  • Assessment of uterine gland development and expression of ESR1 and VEGFA in endometrial and cervical tissues.

Main Results:

  • Gilts in a lactocrine-null state for 2 days exhibited altered endometrial gene expression and delayed uterine gland development by PND 14.
  • Inhibition of endometrial and cervical ESR1 and VEGFA expression was observed on PND 2 and persisted until PND 14 in lactocrine-null gilts.
  • These effects remained even after gilts were returned to nursing, indicating a lasting impact of early lactocrine signaling disruption.

Conclusions:

  • Lactocrine signaling plays a critical role in regulating key neonatal developmental events, particularly in the female reproductive tract.
  • Maternal lactocrine programming influences postnatal development, potentially ensuring healthy developmental trajectories and reproductive potential.
  • A systems biology approach is necessary to fully elucidate the mechanisms of lactocrine signaling and its connection between genotype and phenotype.