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Chun Wah Michael Tam1, Anne Eastwood

  • 1School of Public Health and Community Medicine, The University of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. m.tam@unsw.edu.au

Medical Teacher
|October 30, 2012
PubMed
Abstract

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An Introduction to Free Energy

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E. C. Tolman emphasized the purposiveness of behavior — the idea that much of our behavior is goal-directed. For instance, employees who aim for a promotion work diligently to meet their targets. Tolman argued that when classical conditioning and operant conditioning occur, the organism acquires certain expectations. In classical conditioning, a child might fear a dog because they expect it to bite. In operant conditioning, a person might consistently work overtime because they expect a bonus...
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