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Updated: May 17, 2026
Coronoid-Temporalis Pedicled Flap for Orbital Floor Defect Reconstruction
Published on: December 5, 2025
Case series of sural island flaps used for soft-tissue defects of the distal-third lower extremity
R J Steffner1, A Spiguel, J Ranieri
1University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, USA. robert.steffner@uchospitals.edu
Objective:
To establish the sural island fasciocutaneous flap as an initial consideration for distal third lower-extremity soft tissue coverage and to provide non-plastic surgeons with a procedure they can perform on their own.
Method:
Literature on reverse sural island fasciocutaneous flaps was reviewed and summarised. We then assessed our care series of sural island flaps from 2008-2011 and looked to provide our operative technique and patient outcomes.
Results:
Nine patients, aged 12-70 years old, with greater than 1 year follow-up, were reviewed. Five patients had diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, or smoked tobacco. All patients healed their soft tissue coverage with minimal complication and were able to accommodate normal footwear.
Conclusion:
Reverse sural island flaps are resilient flaps that should be considered as an alternative to free muscle transfer, for distal third lower extremity coverage.
Declaration Of Interest:
There were no external sources of funding for this study. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
