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Updated: May 17, 2026

'Boden Food Plate': Novel Interactive Web-based Method for the Assessment of Dietary Intake

'Boden Food Plate': Novel Interactive Web-based Method for the Assessment of Dietary Intake

Published on: September 18, 2018

Protein intakes in India.

Sumathi Swaminathan¹, Mario Vaz, Anura V Kurpad

¹St John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India. sumathi@sjri.res.in

The British Journal of Nutrition

|October 31, 2012

Summary

Indian diets rely heavily on cereals, leading to poor protein quality. Many populations, especially in rural areas, risk inadequate protein intake due to low digestibility and essential amino acid deficiencies.

Area of Science:

Nutritional Science
Public Health Nutrition

Background:

Indian diets predominantly source protein (approx. 60%) from cereals, which are known for low digestibility and quality.
National Nutrition Monitoring Board (NNMB) surveys over 25 years highlight protein intake patterns in diverse Indian populations (urban, rural, slum, tribal).

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the adequacy of protein intake and quality in various Indian population groups, particularly disadvantaged ones.
To assess the risk of protein deficiency based on protein digestibility corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS) and protein:energy (PE) ratios.

Main Methods:

Analysis of dietary surveys focusing on protein intake (gm/kg/day) and quality metrics like PDCAAS.
Evaluation of protein adequacy using the protein:energy (PE) ratio, referencing WHO/FAO/UNU 2007 guidelines.

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'Boden Food Plate': Novel Interactive Web-based Method for the Assessment of Dietary Intake

'Boden Food Plate': Novel Interactive Web-based Method for the Assessment of Dietary Intake

Published on: September 18, 2018

Main Results:

Protein intake averages around 1 gm/kg/day for disadvantaged populations (slums, tribals, rural sedentary).
PDCAAS reveals inadequate protein quality, with lysine as the first limiting amino acid, especially in rural and tribal groups.
Approximately one-third of the sedentary rural population is at risk of inadequate protein intake, compounded by low BMI and poor fruit/vegetable consumption.

Conclusions:

Enhancing protein intake quality is crucial for rural India.
The overall dietary quality, including protein, presents a significant public health challenge in India.