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Postural dynamics in the standing human.

J F Yang1, D A Winter, R P Wells

  • 1Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.

Biological Cybernetics
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
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This study models upright standing to understand postural control. A fixed proportional relationship between hip, knee, and ankle torques is essential for maintaining balance against disturbances.

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Human motor control
  • Robotics

Background:

  • Postural control is crucial for maintaining upright stance.
  • Understanding the underlying joint torque dynamics is key to explaining balance.
  • Previous models often simplify the complex interactions of the human musculoskeletal system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a mathematical model of human upright standing linkage dynamics.
  • To investigate output principles governing postural control.
  • To identify necessary joint torque relationships for balance restoration.

Main Methods:

  • Modeled the human body in the sagittal plane as a three-segment linkage.
  • Simulated mechanical disturbances using applied forces.
  • Employed an iterative approach to determine joint torque combinations for balance recovery within 80 ms.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Experimentally validated model predictions using a disturbance apparatus.

    • Main Results:

    • The model predicted a specific proportional relationship between hip, knee, and ankle torques for balance.
    • This proportional relationship was independent of disturbance characteristics (location, direction, amplitude).
    • Experimental results quantitatively agreed with the model's predictions.

    Conclusions:

    • A fixed relationship between joint torques appears necessary for restoring balance.
    • This fixed torque relationship may simplify the neural control of posture.
    • The findings offer insights into the fundamental principles of human postural control.