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Related Concept Videos

Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

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A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
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In pipe flow measurement, orifice, nozzle, and Venturi meters are commonly used to determine fluid flowrates by constricting the flow area, which increases fluid velocity and reduces pressure. This pressure difference, governed by Bernoulli's principle and adjusted for real-world conditions, is essential for calculating flowrate. Each meter type is suited to specific applications based on accuracy, efficiency, and compatibility with various flow conditions.
The orifice meter is a simple,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Fiber Optic Distributed Sensors for High-resolution Temperature Field Mapping
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Published on: November 7, 2016

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Measuring artificial recharge with fiber optic distributed temperature sensing.

Matthew W Becker1, Brian Bauer, Adam Hutchinson

  • 1Department of Geological Sciences, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, CA 90815. Orange County Water District, 18700 Ward Street, Fountain Valley, CA 92708.

Ground Water
|November 1, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fiber Optic Distributed Temperature Sensing (FODTS) effectively measures groundwater infiltration rates by tracking heat. This advanced technique offers high-resolution data for diagnosing recharge basin performance and managing groundwater resources.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Hydrogeology
  • Geophysics

Background:

  • Recharge basins are crucial for groundwater management.
  • Accurate measurement of infiltration rates is essential for optimizing basin performance.
  • Traditional methods like water balance have limitations in spatial and temporal resolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To utilize heat as a tracer for measuring infiltration rates in a recharge basin.
  • To assess the efficacy of Fiber Optic Distributed Temperature Sensing (FODTS) for this application.
  • To compare FODTS-derived estimates with traditional water balance methods.

Main Methods:

  • Monitoring diurnal temperature oscillations using FODTS along a transect.
  • Applying heat advection and dispersion theory to relate temperature propagation to specific discharge.
  • Employing wavelet transform to analyze temporal variations in heat propagation and phase lag.
  • Comparing FODTS data with water balance estimates over a four-month period.

Main Results:

  • FODTS successfully tracked heat propagation into the basin bed.
  • Wavelet analysis provided phase lag data comparable to constant velocity models.
  • Apparent heat dispersion was attributed mainly to hydrodynamic factors.
  • FODTS-specific discharge estimates showed good agreement with water balance, with minor unexplained deviations.
  • High-resolution data revealed localized low infiltration zones and basin efficiency degradation due to suspended solids.

Conclusions:

  • FODTS is a superior method for estimating infiltration rates due to its high spatial and temporal resolution.
  • The technique provides valuable insights into recharge basin performance, identifying issues like clogging.
  • FODTS monitoring is a promising tool for effective groundwater resource management, especially under increasing demand.